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Brilliant X-Rays Light Up Dangerous Viruses In Detailed 3D
Date: Feb-18-2013Diamond Light Source, the UK's national synchrotron facility, is launching a new lab to study the detailed atomic and molecular structures of dangerous viruses and bacteria, including those that cause serious diseases such as AIDS, Hepatitis and some types of flu. Studying the detailed structures of pathogens in this way can help the development of new treatments and vaccines. Situated at the Harwell Science and Innovation Campus near Oxford, Diamond is the first and only facility of its kind in Europe, and only one of two in the world...
Brain's Ability To Perceive Multifeatured Objects Limited
Date: Feb-18-2013New research sheds light on how the brain encodes objects with multiple features, a fundamental task for the perceptual system. The study, published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, suggests that we have limited ability to perceive mixed color-shape associations among objects that exist in several locations. Research suggests that neurons that encode a certain feature - shape or color, for example - fire in synchrony with neurons that encode other features of the same object...
Huge Therapeutic And Diagnostic Potential Offered By Noncoding RNAs
Date: Feb-18-2013As scientists continue to unravel the complexity of the human genome and to uncover vital elements that play a role in both normal physiology and disease, one particular class of elements called noncoding RNAs is gaining a lot of attention. Guest Editor Tom Cech, PhD and Executive Editor Fintan Steele, PhD explore the enormous potential value of this rapidly advancing research area in their Editorial " The (Noncoding) RNA World...
New Therapeutic Target Identified For Coronary Heart Disease
Date: Feb-18-2013Scientists investigating how certain genes affect an individual's risk of developing coronary heart disease have identified a new therapeutic target, according to research published in The American Journal of Human Genetics. They have discovered that an enzyme known as ADAMTS7 plays a crucial role in the build-up of cells in the coronary arteries which lead to coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease (also known as coronary artery disease) is the nation's biggest killer, with around 94,000 deaths in the UK each year*...
A Clinical Guide On Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus
Date: Feb-18-2013Elsevier, a world-leading provider of scientific, technical and medical information products and services, has announced the publication of a clinical guide by the European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS) in its journal Maturitas on lichen sclerosus with summary recommendations. Vulvar lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects genital labial, perineal and perianal areas, producing significant discomfort and psychological distress. The purpose of this clinical guide is to provide advice on early recognition and treatment to prevent delay in management...
The Severity Of Melamine-Induced Kidney Disease May Be Determined By Gut Microbes
Date: Feb-18-2013Microbes present in the gut can affect the severity of kidney disease brought on by melamine poisoning, according to an international study led by Professor Wei Jia at the University of North Carolina in collaboration with the research group of Professor Jeremy Nicholson at Imperial College London. In 2008, nearly 300,000 Chinese children were hospitalised with kidney disease brought on by supplies of powdered milk deliberately contaminated with melamine to boost the apparent protein content...
Supposedly 'Primitive' Reflexes May Involve More Sophisticated Brain Function Than Previously Thought
Date: Feb-18-2013The Vestibular-Ocular Reflex (or VOR), common to most vertebrates, is what allows us to keep our eyes focused on a fixed point even while our heads are moving. Up until now, scientists had assumed this reflex was controlled by the lower brainstem, which regulates eating, sleeping and other low-level tasks. Researchers at Imperial's Division of Brain Sciences conducted tests to examine this reflex in left- and right-handed subjects, revealing that handedness plays a key role in the way it operates...
Indian Plant Could Have Applications In Drug Development For Hormone-Dependent Cancers
Date: Feb-18-2013Scientists at the Georgia Regents University Cancer Center have identified an Indian plant, used for centuries to treat inflammation, fever and malaria, that could help kill cancer cells. Cancer cells typically avoid death by hijacking molecular chaperones that guide and protect the proteins that ensure normal cellular function and then tricking them into helping mutated versions of those proteins stay alive, says Dr...
Risk Of Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia Persists
Date: Feb-18-2013While advancements in cancer treatment over the last several decades have improved patient survival rates for certain cancers, some patients remain at risk of developing treatment-related leukemia, according to results of a study published online in Blood, the Journal of the American Society of Hematology (ASH). Chemotherapy is often a highly effective treatment for cancer, but certain drugs have also been shown in a range of studies to increase a patient's risk of developing therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (tAML), a rare but frequently fatal condition...
Lower Rates Of Depression In Bariatric Surgery Patients Who Are More Physically Active
Date: Feb-18-2013Adults undergoing bariatric surgery who are more physically active are less likely to have depressive symptoms and to have recently received medication or counseling for depression or anxiety than their less active counterparts, according to new research led by the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health. "Typically, clinical professionals manage their patients' depression and anxiety with counseling and/or antidepressant or anti-anxiety medication," said Wendy C. King, Ph.D...
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