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New coating may reduce blood clot risk inside stents
Date: Sep-09-2013Coating artery-opening stents with a new compound may someday eliminate a common side effect of the treatment, according to preliminary research in the American Heart Association journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. Stents are tiny mesh tubes that prop open clogged arteries so blood will flow freely to heart muscle, relieving chest pain and reducing the risk of heart attack...
Scientific reproducibility is hampered by a lack of specificity of the material resources
Date: Sep-09-2013A key requirement when performing scientific experiments is the accessibility of material resources, including the reagents or model organisms, needed to address a specific hypothesis. The published scientific literature is a source of this valuable information, but frequently lacks sufficient detail to the extent that researchers are unable to identify material resources used to perform experiments. A study, published in PeerJ, demonstrates the magnitude of the problem - a problem that negatively affects the ability of scientists to reproduce and extend reported studies...
Research findings point to new therapeutic approach for common cause of kidney failure
Date: Sep-09-2013New research has uncovered a process that is defective in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, a common cause of kidney failure. The findings, which appear in an upcoming issue of the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (JASN), point to a new potential strategy for preventing and treating the disease...
Finally mapped: The brain region that distinguishes bits from bounty
Date: Sep-09-2013In comparing amounts of things - be it the grains of sand on a beach, or the size of a sea gull flock inhabiting it - humans use a part of the brain that is organized topographically, researchers have finally shown. In other words, the neurons that work to make this "numerosity" assessment are laid out in a shape that allows those most closely related to communicate and interact over the shortest possible distance...
Human gut microbes alter mouse metabolism, depending on diet
Date: Sep-09-2013Germ-free mice that received gut bacteria from obese humans put on more weight and accumulated more fat than mice that were given bacteria from the guts of lean humans, according to a new study. This finding, which demonstrates the transmission of physical and metabolic traits via communities of microbes in the gut, depends on the rodents' diet. And the researchers responsible suggest that it may represent an important step toward developing new personalized probiotic and food-based therapies for the treatment or prevention of obesity...
Disease-causing genes spread easily in emerging lethal fungus infection
Date: Sep-09-2013A rare, emerging fungal disease that is spreading throughout Canada and Northwestern USA can easily pass its deadly genes to related fungal strains within the species but less readily to more distant relatives, according to a study part-funded by the Wellcome Trust. The findings will help to understand the origins of infectious outbreaks and predict the likelihood of the disease spreading to other populations and geographical areas. Cryptococcus gattii is a type of fungus that was previously only found in warmer climates throughout the tropics...
Space around others perceived just as our own
Date: Sep-09-2013A study from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden has shown that neurons in our brain 'mirror' the space near others, just as if this was the space near ourselves. The study, published in the scientific journal Current Biology, sheds new light on a question that has long preoccupied psychologists and neuroscientists regarding the way in which the brain represents other people and the events that happens to those people...
Body's 'safety procedure' could explain autoimmune disease
Date: Sep-09-2013Monash University researchers have found an important safety mechanism in the immune system that may malfunction in people with autoimmune diseases, such as Multiple Sclerosis, potentially paving the way for innovative treatments. Published in Immunity, the research, led by Head of the Monash Department of Immunology Professor Fabienne Mackay, described for the first time how the body manages marginal zone (MZ) B cells, which form a general first line of attack against germs, but are potentially harmful...
Study expands use of biomarker for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury
Date: Sep-09-2013A biomarker test developed initially to identify early acute kidney injury (AKI) after surgery has been shown to successfully detect AKI in emergency room patients with a variety of urgent health issues. In a study published online Sept. 5 in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, the findings expand the overall utility and potential medical settings for using the test, according to researchers. The test measures the protein neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a biomarker of early AKI...
People who lie while texting take longer to respond
Date: Sep-09-2013Ever been trading a flurry of text messages when there's an awkward pause? Well, new research shows you probably should be suspicious. A Brigham Young University study finds when people lie in digital messages - texting, social media or instant messaging - they take longer to respond, make more edits and write shorter responses than usual. "Digital conversations are a fertile ground for deception because people can easily conceal their identity and their messages often appear credible," says Tom Meservy, BYU professor of information systems...
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