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Hospital screening tool for suicide risk among self-harmers should be ditched, UK
Date: Jul-30-2013A screening tool used in general hospitals to detect suicide risk among patients who have self harmed should be ditched, concludes a study published online in Emergency Medicine Journal. The technique (SADPERSONS Scale) fails to pick up most of those who require admission to a psychiatric unit, community psychiatric aftercare, or to determine those at risk of self harming again, say the researchers. The SADPERSONS Scale was developed in the USA in 1983 as a means of assessing suicide risk among patients who had self harmed...
Most ward nurses say time pressures force them to "ration" care, UK
Date: Jul-30-2013Most ward nurses say they are forced to ration care, and not do or complete certain aspects of it - including adequate monitoring of patients - because they don't have enough time, indicates research published online in BMJ Quality & Safety. The lower the nurse headcount, the greater the risk, the study shows, prompting the researchers to suggest that hospitals could use episodes of missed care as an early warning sign that nurse staffing levels are too low to provide safe, high quality care...
Female deaths much less likely to be reported to coroner in England and Wales, UK
Date: Jul-30-2013Doctors in England and Wales are much less likely to report a woman's death to a coroner than they are a man's, reveals research published online in the Journal of Clinical Pathology. Furthermore, women's deaths are less likely to proceed to an inquest, and those that do are less likely to result in a verdict of "unnatural" death than men's, with some coroners particularly likely to favour a verdict according to the sex of the deceased, the research shows...
No improvement seen in HIV-associated lymphoma survival during the antiretroviral therapy era
Date: Jul-30-2013Stable survival rates were observed for HIV-associated lymphoma patients during the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era in the US, according to a new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Studies have shown that HIV infection increases the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and that incidence for many lymphoma types has not decreased in the ART era. Furthermore, lymphoma is the most frequent cancer-related cause of death among HIV-infected persons...
Liver function regenerated and survival extended in mice with hepatic failure using human stem cell-derived hepatocytes
Date: Jul-30-2013Researchers have generated functional hepatocytes from human stem cells, transplanted them into mice with acute liver injury, and shown the ability of these stem-cell derived human liver cells to function normally and increase survival of the treated animals...
New drug targets discovered for aggressive breast cancer
Date: Jul-30-2013Scientists at A*STAR's Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS) led in a study that has identified genes that are potential targets for therapeutic drugs against aggressive breast cancer. These findings were reported in the July 2013 issue of PNAS. Out of the 1.5 million women diagnosed with breast cancer in the world annually, nearly one in seven of these is classified as triple negative. Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have tumours that are missing three important proteins that are found in other types of breast cancer...
Study shows how viruses in gut bacteria change over time
Date: Jul-30-2013Humans are far more than merely the sum total of all the cells that form the organs and tissues. The digestive tract is also home to a vast colony of bacteria of all varieties, as well as the myriad viruses that prey upon them. Because the types of bacteria carried inside the body vary from person to person, so does this viral population, known as the virome. By closely following and analyzing the virome of one individual over two-and-a-half years, researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, led by professor of Microbiology Frederic D...
Study finds potential well water contaminants highest near natural gas drilling
Date: Jul-30-2013A new study of 100 private water wells in and near the Barnett Shale showed elevated levels of potential contaminants such as arsenic and selenium closest to natural gas extraction sites, according to a team of researchers that was led by UT Arlington associate professor of chemistry and biochemistry Kevin Schug. The results of the North Texas well study were published online by the journal Environmental Science & Technology. The peer-reviewed paper focuses on the presence of metals such as arsenic, barium, selenium and strontium in water samples...
Protein moulds RNA to ensure that activating factors can hold on to it
Date: Jul-30-2013X chromosomes are very special genetic material. They differ in number between men and women. To achieve equality between sexes, one out of two X chromosomes in women is silenced. In flies, the opposite happens: in male flies, the only available X chromosome is highly activated, to compensate for the absence of the second X-chromosome. Researchers from the Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics (MPI-IE) in Freiburg have now shown how the RNA molecules and proteins involved in the activation find and stick to each other...
Materialism may not entirely deserve its bad reputation
Date: Jul-30-2013Despite being much-maligned, materialism is not always bad for consumers. Loneliness may cause materialism, but the opposite is not necessarily true, according to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research. "It is widely believed that there is a vicious cycle in which loneliness leads to materialism and materialism in turn contributes to loneliness...
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