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Antibiotic associated hearing loss prevented by a molecular chaperon
Date: Jul-29-2013An underlying cause of hearing loss is the death of sensory hair cells in the inner ear, which can be damaged in response to a variety of factors including the use of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Previous research has shown that sensory hair cell death in response to antibiotic treatment can be prevented by triggering the expression of HSP70, a member of the heat shock family of proteins that are induced by cellular stress...
Rapamycin showed limited effects on aging in older mice
Date: Jul-29-2013The immunosuppressive drug rapamycin has been shown to increase longevity in mice even when treatment begins at an advanced age. It is unclear if the extension of life also correlates with prolonged health and vigor. In the current issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, Dan Ehninger and colleagues at the German Center for Neurodegenrative Diseases evaluated age-associated characteristics in mice treated with rapamycin. They found that rapamycin improved memory and spatial learning, reduced thyroid follicle size, and reduced body fat in older mice...
Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae to potentially treat senile dementia
Date: Jul-29-2013A research team from the School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine reports that Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae can inhibit advanced glycation end product formation, reduce their levels in the frontal cortex, and improve learning and memory capabilities in ovariectomized rats. The Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae inhibitory effect on advanced glycation end product accumulation is associated with an antioxidative effect. These novel findings, published in Neural Regeneration Research (Vol. 8, No...
Post-epileptic hippocampal synaptic reconstruction inhibited by gene transduction
Date: Jul-29-2013Synaptic remodeling is one of the most common pathological changes after epileptic seizures. Ectopic synaptic reconstruction in the hippocampus is considered to be closely related with temporal lobe epilepsy. Mossy fiber sprouting may trigger synaptic connections or synaptic remodeling in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells, which could lead to the formation of excitatory synaptic circuits, thereby increasing epileptic susceptibility...
The biological behaviors of neural stem cells regulated by novel nanometer scaffolds
Date: Jul-29-2013The surface characteristics of nanoscaffolds made by nanotechnology are more similar to the three-dimensional topological structure of the extracellular matrix and the effects on the biological behaviors of cells and tissue repair are more beneficial. Dr. Jihui Zhou and team from the Fifth Hospital Affiliated to Qiqihar Medical University prepared aligned and randomly oriented collagen nanofiber scaffolds using electronic spinning technology. The diameters and appearance of prepared scaffolds reached the standards of tissue-engineered nanometer scaffolds...
Potential risk for monkey-to-human leap of adenoviruses
Date: Jul-29-2013Adenoviruses commonly infect humans, causing colds, flu-like symptoms and sometimes even death, but now UC San Francisco researchers have discovered that a new species of adenovirus can spread from primate to primate, and potentially from monkey to human. UCSF researchers previously identified a new adenovirus in New World titi monkeys that killed most of the monkeys infected during an outbreak in a closed monkey colony in California in 2009...
Study may advance fundamental understanding of how brain cells communicate
Date: Jul-29-2013Brain cells talk to each other in a variety of tones. Sometimes they speak loudly but other times struggle to be heard. For many years scientists have asked why and how brain cells change tones so frequently. National Institutes of Health researchers showed that brief bursts of chemical energy coming from rapidly moving power plants, called mitochondria, may tune brain cell communication. "We are very excited about the findings," said Zu-Hang Sheng, Ph.D...
Higher Cancer Incidences Found in Regions Near Refineries and Plants that Release Benzene
Date: Jul-29-2013The incidence of a particular type of blood cancer is significantly higher in regions near facilities that release the chemical benzene into the environment. That is the conclusion of a new study published early online in CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society. This and other studies like it will be critical to identifying and enacting public health policies to decrease or prevent cancer. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma has been on the rise over the past few decades as industrial production in the United States has expanded...
Functional role in the cerebellum suggested by analysis of 26 networked autism genes
Date: Jul-29-2013A team of scientists has obtained intriguing insights into two groups of autism candidate genes in the mammalian brain that new evidence suggests are functionally and spatially related. The newly published analysis identifies two networked groupings from 26 genes associated with autism that are overexpressed in the cerebellar cortex, in areas dominated by neurons called granule cells...
Gender gap in stroke treatment likely due to delay by women seeking care
Date: Jul-29-2013Women with clot-caused strokes are less likely than men to arrive at the hospital in time to receive the best treatment, according to a European study reported in the American Heart Association journal Stroke. In the study, 11 percent of women with acute ischemic strokes were treated with the clot-dissolving medication alteplase, compared with 14 percent of men. Study participants included 5,515 patients at 12 hospitals in the Netherlands...
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