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Early Intervention Benefits Young Children With Autism Regardless Of High-Quality Treatment Model
Date: Jul-19-2013Researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have found that preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) who receive high-quality early intervention benefit developmentally regardless of the treatment model used - a surprising result that may have important implications for special-education programs and school classrooms across the country...
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals may increase odds of women developing mild hypothyroidism
Date: Jul-19-2013Exposure to perfluorinated chemicals is linked to changes in thyroid function and may raise the risk of mild hypothyroidism in women, according to a recent study accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM). Perfluorinated chemicals, or PFCs, are compounds used to manufacture fabrics, carpets, paper coatings, cosmetics and a variety of other products. Among humans and wildlife, PFC exposure is widespread, according to the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences...
Genomic imprinting maintains a reserve pool of blood-forming stem cells in mouse bone marrow
Date: Jul-19-2013Hematopoietic stem cells - bone marrow-derived adult stem cells that give rise to the wide variety of specialized blood cells - come in two flavors: the reserve force sits quietly waiting to be called upon while the active arm continually proliferates spawning billions of blood cells every day. In their latest study, researchers at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research reveal a new mechanism that is critical in maintaining the delicate balance between the two. Publishing in the advance online issue of Nature, the team led by Stowers Investigator Linheng Li, Ph.D...
Concussions in elite hockey not reduced by bodychecking rules
Date: Jul-19-2013Recent changes in hockey rules regulating contact to the head have not reduced the number of concussions suffered by players during National Hockey League (NHL) season, according to research published in the open access journal PLOS ONE by Michael Cusimano and colleagues from the Injury Prevention Research Office at St. Michael's Hospital, Canada. The authors compared reports of hockey players suffering concussions in the National Hockey League (NHL) before and after rules regulating head contact were changed in 2010-11 and 2011-12...
Anemia in breast cancer patients reduced by epoetin alfa with no negative impact on survival
Date: Jul-19-2013In patients with high-risk breast cancer, addition of the erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) epoetin alfa to the chemotherapy regimen may help avoid the decrease in hemoglobin levels and resulting anemia often seen in these patients and does not negatively affect relapse-free (RFS) or overall survival (OS). However, it can increase the risk of thrombotic events, according to a study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. To investigate the safety and efficacy of epoetin alfa, Volker Moebus, M.D...
New class of white blood cells discovered; potential target for better vaccine design
Date: Jul-19-2013Scientists at A*STAR's Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) have discovered a new class of white blood cells in human lung and gut tissues that play a critical role as the first line of defence against harmful fungal and bacterial infections. This research will have significant impact on the design of vaccines and targeted immunotherapies for diseases caused by infectious microbes such as the hospital-acquired pneumonia. The scientists also showed for the first time that key immune functions of this new class of white blood cells are similar to those found in mice...
Gold nanofibers in engineered heart tissue can enhance electrical signalling
Date: Jul-19-2013Heart tissue sustains irreparable damage in the wake of a heart attack. Because cells in the heart cannot multiply and the cardiac muscle contains few stem cells, the tissue is unable to repair itself - it becomes fibrotic and cannot contract properly. In their search for innovative methods to restore heart function, scientists have been exploring cardiac "patches" that could be transplanted into the body to replace damaged heart tissue. Now, in his Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dr...
Ecological model of health-related quality of life of Parkinson's disease patients in northeastern Sicily, Italy
Date: Jul-19-2013Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory emphasizes the development of a series of nested environment systems with which an individual interacts. These systems interact with the individual, and also affect the development of the individual. The theory is that the natural environment is the major source influencing human development, which is often ignored by scholars in the laboratory. U Brofenbrenner saw the individual's experience "as a set of nested structures, each inside the next, like a set of Russian dolls"...
Neuron activation induced by cochlear implants improved by new technology
Date: Jul-19-2013Cochlear implants, electrical prosthetic devices that stimulate inner ear neurons of individuals who have lost their cochlear sensory cells, restore usable hearing to deaf patients. Cochlear implant electrodes are placed in the fluid-filled scala tympani of the cochlea, at a significant distance from the spiral ganglion and even from the spiral ganglion dendrites. Stimulation via a cochlear implant electrode pair is therefore likely to activate large numbers of neurons concurrently...
Susceptibility genes for cerebral infarction or hemorrhage in the Han in Hunan, China
Date: Jul-19-2013Atherosclerosis is widely recognized as an independent risk factor for stroke, and its occurrence is closely related to lipid metabolism. Numerous studies using transgenic and knockout animals have shown that scavenger receptor class B type I has a protective effect against atherosclerosis. Previous studies of scavenger receptor class B type I gene polymorphisms have focused on the exon 1 G4A polymorphism and the exon 8 C1050T polymorphism, and these polymorphic loci impact blood lipid levels and are involved in the dyslipidemia in diabetes patients...
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