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Genetic Material From Food Unlikely To Get Into Our Blood And Regulate Our Genes
Date: Jun-28-2013In 2011 and 2012, research from China's Nanjing University made international headlines with reports that after mice ate, bits of genetic material from the plants they'd ingested could make it into their bloodstreams intact and turn the animals' own genes off. The surprising results from Chen-Yu Zhang's group led to speculation that genetic illness might one day be treated with medicinal food, but also to worry that genetically modified foods might in turn modify consumers in unanticipated ways...
How Visual Attention Affects The Brain
Date: Jun-28-2013New work at the University of California, Davis, shows for the first time how visual attention affects activity in specific brain cells. The paper, published in the journal Nature, shows that attention increases the efficiency of signaling into the brain's cerebral cortex and boosts the ratio of signal over noise...
Substance Abuse And High-Glycemic Foods May Trigger The Same Brain Mechanism Tied To Addiction
Date: Jun-28-2013Consuming highly processed carbohydrates can cause excess hunger and stimulate brain regions involved in reward and cravings, according to a Boston Children's Hospital research team led by David Ludwig, MD, PhD director, New Balance Foundation Obesity Prevention Center. These findings suggest that limiting these "high-glycemic index" foods could help obese individuals avoid overeating. The study, published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, investigates how food intake is regulated by dopamine-containing pleasure centers of the brain...
Prototype Device Aims To Avert Repeated Breast Cancer Surgeries
Date: Jun-28-2013When a breast tumor is detected, many women opt to have a lumpectomy, which is surgery designed to remove the diseased tissue while preserving the breast. But during this procedure, doctors cannot learn right away whether all of the cancerous tissue has been removed, with no microscopic signs that cancer cells were left behind. Because of this delay, one in five of these women - up to 66,000 patients annually in the U.S. alone - must return for a second surgery to remove remaining cancer...
Cancer-Promoting Mechanisms Of Overlooked Components In Secondhand Smoke
Date: Jun-28-2013Tobacco smoke, diesel exhaust and oil combustion carry polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - PAHs that are known to cause cancer. But of these PAHs, the obviously dangerous high-molecular-weight PAHs like benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) have received the vast majority of research attention. Their low-molecular-weight cousins have been largely overlooked, in part because studies have shown that these compounds alone aren't very successful at mutating genes in cancer-causing ways...
Vision And Hearing Work Together In The Brain To Help Us Catch A Moving Target
Date: Jun-28-2013A new study has found that chasing down a moving object is not only a matter of sight or of sound, but of mind. The study found that people who are blindfolded employ the same strategy to intercept a running ball carrier as people who can see, which suggests that multiple areas of the brain cooperate to accomplish the task. Regardless of whether they could see or not, the study participants seemed to aim ahead of the ball carrier's trajectory and then run to the spot where they expected him or her to be in the near future...
Immunohistochemistry Could Be A Reliable And Cost-Effective Diagnostic Approach In Lung Cancer
Date: Jun-28-2013ALK rearrangement has been demonstrated to be a potent oncogenic driver and a promising therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It defines a distinct molecular subset of NSCLC, in particular adenocarcinoma that can benefit by the treatment of ALK-inhibitors. Development of robust and reliable laboratory tests for predictive biomarkers is essential to select appropriate patients for targeted therapy...
More Research Needed On Treatment For Lung Cancer In Female 'Never Smokers'
Date: Jun-28-2013The incidence of lung cancer in women affects an estimated 516,000 women worldwide, of which 100,000 are in the United States and 70,000 in Europe. Until now, lung cancers occurring in women have been treated similarly to lung cancers in men. However, numerous studies have highlighted different characteristics of lung cancer in women. Researchers at the University of Toulouse III in France aim to compare clinical, pathological and biological characteristics of lung cancer in cohorts of women smokers and women never-smokers...
Care Of Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Improved By PET-CT
Date: Jun-28-2013Each year, 13 percent of all newly diagnosed lung cancer patients are diagnosed with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Approximately 39 percent of patients with SCLC are diagnosed with limited-stage disease, meaning the cancer is only present in one lung, but may have spread to lymph nodes or tissue between the lungs. These patients are often treated with chemotherapy and definitive radiation therapy...
PTSD Is A Risk Factor For Heart Disease Among Vietnam Vets
Date: Jun-28-2013Male twin Vietnam veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were more than twice as likely as those without PTSD to develop heart disease during a 13-year period, according to a study supported by the National Institutes of Health. This is the first long-term study to measure the association between PTSD and heart disease using objective clinical diagnoses combined with cardiac imaging techniques. "This study provides further evidence that PTSD may affect physical health," said Gary H. Gibbons, M.D...
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