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Genes, Birth Defects And Mental Illness
Date: Jun-25-2013Gene mutations that cause cell signaling networks to go awry during embryonic development and lead to major birth defects may also cause subtle disruptions in the brain that contribute to psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, autism, and bipolar disorder, according to new research by UC San Francisco scientists. Over the past several years, researchers in the laboratory of psychiatrist Benjamin Cheyette, MD, PhD, have shown that mice with mutations in a gene called Dact1 are born with a range of severe malformations, including some reminiscent of spina bifida in humans...
Understanding Of Complex Diseases Likely To Improve Following Unexpected Discovery Of The Ways Cells Move
Date: Jun-25-2013A new discovery about how cells move inside the body may provide scientists with crucial information about disease mechanisms such as the spread of cancer or the constriction of airways caused by asthma. Led by researchers at Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) and the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), investigators found that epithelial cells - the type that form a barrier between the inside and the outside of the body, such as skin cells - move in a group, propelled by forces both from within and from nearby cells - to fill any unfilled spaces they encounter...
Association Between Childhood Pneumonia And Indoor Environment Factors In Modern Homes
Date: Jun-25-2013Childhood pneumonia is the leading causes of death among children in China and worldwide. Using coal or wood as cooking fuel in rural area was considered as major cause of Pneumonia. However, the incidence of childhood pneumonia is still high in urban modern cities. Which home risk factors affect the incidence of childhood pneumonia in modern urban apartment? Professor Hua QIAN and his group from School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University set out to research this problem...
Potential For Noninvasive Tests For Diagnosis And Monitoring Of IgA Nephropathy
Date: Jun-25-2013Inflammation in the kidney is a serious, common issue among adults and children in North America. Finding noninvasive ways to properly diagnose, monitor and treat the inflammation may be getting easier thanks to research by Robert J. Wyatt, MD, a Le Bonheur nephrologist and professor in the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC). Wyatt is co-author of a Medical Progress report titled, "IgA Nephropathy" in the New England Journal of Medicine. His co-author is Bruce A...
JANUVIA (Sitagliptin) Compared With Sulfonylurea For Patients With Type 2 Diabetes And Mild Renal Impairment
Date: Jun-25-2013Merck (NYSE: MRK), known as MSD outside the United States and Canada, has announced results from a post-hoc pooled analysis showing patients with type 2 diabetes and mild renal impairment treated with JANUVIA® (sitagliptin) 100 mg once-daily achieved similar blood sugar reductions as those treated with the sulfonylureas glipizide or glimepiride, with significantly fewer events of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), and with weight loss instead of weight gain. Results were presented at the American Diabetes Association 73rd Scientific Sessions...
The EHRA White Book Reports On Lead Extraction And The Current Status Of Arrhythmia Treatments In The 55 ESC Member Countries
Date: Jun-25-2013The first European data on lead extraction has been released by the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). The information is published in the EHRA White Book 2013, launched at EHRA EUROPACE 2013 in Athens, Greece, during 23-26 June. The EHRA White Book reports on the current status of arrhythmia treatments in the 55 ESC member countries and has been published every year since 2008. This year 46 countries took part. For the first time this year data is provided on lead extractions...
Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Patients Should Be Screened For Depression
Date: Jun-25-2013Electrophysiologists (EPs) rate the quality of life of patients with Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) significantly better than the patients themselves do, with the greatest level of disagreement about mental health. The abstract study, presented at the EHRA EUROPACE meeting, 23 to 26 June, in Athens, Greece, found that patients with paroxysmal AF, even in the absence of significant concomitant cardiac disease, showed signs of depression, sleeping disorders and low levels of physical activity...
Study Reveals Previously Unknown Role Of Septin Proteins
Date: Jun-25-2013A major study from researchers at the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology provides new revelations about the intricate pathways involved in turning on T cells, the body's most important disease-fighting cells, and was published in the prestigious scientific journal Nature. The La Jolla Institute team is the first to prove that a certain type of protein, called septins, play a critical role in activating a calcium channel on the surface of the T cell...
Powerful Gene-Editing Tool Appears To Cause Off-Target Mutations In Human Cells
Date: Jun-25-2013In the past year a group of synthetic proteins called CRISPR-Cas RNA-guided nucleases (RGNs) have generated great excitement in the scientific community as gene-editing tools. Exploiting a method that some bacteria use to combat viruses and other pathogens, CRISPR-Cas RGNs can cut through DNA strands at specific sites, allowing the insertion of new genetic material. However, a team of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) researchers has found a significant limitation to the use of CRISPR-Cas RGNs, production of unwanted DNA mutations at sites other than the desired target...
Costs Of Hip And Knee Replacement Surgeries Lowered By Pilot Program For CalPERS Members
Date: Jun-25-2013A pilot program for CalPERS, a large public California employer - aimed at reducing costs for hip and knee replacements - was able to influence price drops for these procedures at facilities not originally part of the program. This conclusion, among others, was presented at the AcademyHealth Annual Research Meeting in Baltimore. Presenter Winnie Li, senior research analyst for HealthCore Inc., the outcomes research company for WellPoint, Inc...
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