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Mapping Translation Sites In The Human Genome
Date: Jun-18-2013Because of their central importance to biology, proteins have been the focus of intense research, particularly the manner in which they are produced from genetically coded templates - a process commonly known as translation. While the general mechanism of translation has been understood for some time, protein synthesis can initiate by more than one mechanism. One of the least well understood mechanisms is known as cap-independent translation...
How Paternal Diet And Weight May Impact Offspring
Date: Jun-18-2013Male mice who were fed a high-fat diet and became obese were more likely to father offspring who also had higher levels of body fat, a new Ohio University study finds. The effect was observed primarily in male offspring, despite their consumption of a low-fat diet, scientists reported at the annual meeting of The Endocrine Society in San Francisco, Calif...
Paralympic Hopeful's Rare Condition Diagnosed Following Advances In Genetic Sequencing
Date: Jun-18-2013National Paracycling Champion Tom Staniford has an extremely rare condition which, until now, has puzzled his doctors. He is unable to store fat under his skin - yet has type 2 diabetes - and suffered hearing loss as a child. Now, thanks to advances in genome sequencing, an international research team led by the University of Exeter Medical School has identified Tom's condition and pinpointed the single genetic mutation that causes it...
Process Of Metastasis Explained By 'Chase And Run' Cell Movement Mechanism
Date: Jun-18-2013A mechanism that cells use to group together and move around the body - called 'chase and run' - has been described for the first time by scientists at UCL. Published in Nature Cell Biology, the new study focuses on the process that occurs when cancer cells interact with healthy cells in order to migrate around the body during metastasis. Scientists know that cancer cells recruit healthy cells and use them to travel long distances, but how this process takes place and how it could be controlled to design new therapies against cancer remains unknown...
Diabetes And Glucose Meters, Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases, Thyroid Autoimmunity And More
Date: Jun-18-2013Researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai are presenting several new studies at ENDO 2013, The Endocrine Society's Annual Meeting & Expo (ENDO) from June 15-18 in San Francisco. Mount Sinai researchers demonstrate new data on diabetes self-management, as well as the role of prostastic acid phosphatase (PAP) in Prostate Cancer (PCa) bone metastases; identify new molecules that can stimulate the thyroid gland; reveal the prevalence of primary aldosteronism (PA) in an urban population; and show how thyroid autoimmunity may be triggered by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress...
Exploding The Myth About Running Injuries
Date: Jun-18-2013If you are healthy and plan to start running for the first time, it is perfectly all right to put on a pair of completely ordinary 'neutral' running shoes without any special support. Even though your feet overpronate when you run - i.e. roll inwards. There appears to be no risk that overpronation or underpronation can lead to running injuries through using neutral shoes for this special group of healthy beginners...
How A Gene Acts That Regulates Factors Involved In Bacteria Pathogenicity
Date: Jun-18-2013In a piece of work carried out by the Carbohydrate Metabolism Research Team of the Institute of Agrobiotechnology (a centre jointly owned by the NUP/UPNA-Public University of Navarre, the Spanish National Scientific Research Council-CSIC, and the Government of Navarre), the discovery has been made of the way in which the glgS gene (now renamed as the "surface composition regulator", scoR) acts in bacteria and how the mechanisms involved in bacterial infection can be altered by manipulating this gene, which indirectly affects glycogen production...
A Key Mechanism Discovered That Boosts The Signalling Function Of Neurons In The Brain
Date: Jun-18-2013Locating a car that's blowing its horn in heavy traffic, channel-hopping between football and a thriller on TV without losing the plot, and not forgetting the start of a sentence by the time we have read to the end - we consider all of these to be normal everyday functions. They enable us to react to fast-changing circumstances and to carry out even complex activities correctly. For this to work, the neuron circuits in our brain have to be very flexible...
Lifestyle Changes Made By Older Patients To Avoid Fractures
Date: Jun-18-2013Older patients who know they are at risk of fractures will make positive lifestyle changes to avoid them, such as exercising, wearing proper footwear and taking supplements, a new study has found. The findings are important because much previous research in bone health has focused on medications or found that people make negative lifestyle changes such as reducing housework or leisure activities because they are afraid of falling, said Dr. Joanna Sale, a researcher at St. Michael's Hospital and lead author of the study...
Behaviors That Can Lead To Arm Pain And Tiredness And The Most Significant Baseball-Throwing Injuries In Youth Baseball
Date: Jun-18-2013After three years of research, a multicenter, national research study led by Beaumont orthopedic surgeon and sports medicine specialist, Joseph Guettler, M.D., may have some answers as to why youth baseball pitching injuries continue to rise despite the implementation of nationally recommended pitching limits. In fact, serious pitching injuries requiring surgery have skyrocketed with one estimate reporting serious throwing injuries are occurring 16 times more often today than just 30 years ago...
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