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Brain Imaging Technique Can Help Diagnose Movement Disorders
Date: Jun-17-2013A new University of Florida study suggests a promising brain-imaging technique has the potential to improve diagnoses for the millions of people with movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease. Utilizing the diffusion tensor imaging technique, as it is known, could allow clinicians to assess people earlier, leading to improved treatment interventions and therapies for patients. The three-year study looked at 72 patients, each with a clinically defined movement disorder diagnosis...
Promising Testing Method For Spinal Cord Injuries, Multiple Sclerosis
Date: Jun-17-2013A medical test previously developed to measure a toxin found in tobacco smokers has been adapted to measure the same toxin in people suffering from spinal cord injuries and multiple sclerosis, offering a potential tool to reduce symptoms. The toxin, called acrolein, is produced in the body after nerve cells are injured, triggering a cascade of biochemical events thought to worsen the injury's severity. Acrolein (pronounced a-KRO-le-an) also may play an important role in multiple sclerosis and other conditions...
New Tool To Help Pet Owners Make Tough Choices
Date: Jun-17-2013Perhaps the hardest part of owning a pet is making difficult decisions when a beloved companion becomes seriously ill. That's why Michigan State University researchers are developing a new tool to help people assess their ailing pets' quality of life, a key factor in decisions about when to order life-prolonging procedures and when an animal's suffering means it's time to let go...
Growth Of Aggressive Brain Cancer Driven By Metabolic Molecule
Date: Jun-17-2013A study led by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC - James) has identified an abnormal metabolic pathway that drives cancer-cell growth in a particular glioblastoma subtype. The finding might lead to new therapies for a subset of patients with glioblastoma, the most common and lethal form of brain cancer. The physician scientists sought to identify glioblastoma subtype-specific cancer stem cells...
In Medical Decision-Making In Peru, Patient Involvement Is Low Priority
Date: Jun-17-2013Mayo Clinic and Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University researchers have partnered on a study showing that Peruvian physicians rarely sought to involve their patients in shared decision-making regarding medical care. This was true for physicians at public and private clinics. The findings are being discussed in Lima, Peru, at ISDM 2013, an international conference on globalizing shared decision-making held from June 16-19...
New Technique May Improve Type 1 Diabetes Transplants
Date: Jun-17-2013Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified a way to trigger reproduction in the laboratory of clusters of human cells that make insulin, potentially removing a significant obstacle to transplanting the cells as a treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes. Efforts to make this treatment possible have been limited by a dearth of insulin-producing beta cells that can be removed from donors after death, and by the stubborn refusal of human beta cells to proliferate in the laboratory after harvesting...
Stem Cells Aid In The Brain's Recovery After Stroke
Date: Jun-17-2013A specific MicroRNA, a short set of RNA (ribonuclease) sequences, naturally packaged into minute (50 nanometers) lipid containers called exosomes, are released by stem cells after a stroke and contribute to better neurological recovery according to a new animal study by Henry Ford Hospital researchers. The important role of a specific microRNA transferred from stem cells to brain cells via the exosomes to enhance functional recovery after a stroke was shown in lab rats...
Different Motivations Require Different Treatments And Interventions For Suicide Prevention
Date: Jun-17-2013A University of British Columbia study sheds important new light on why people attempt suicide and provides the first scientifically tested measure for evaluating the motivations for suicide. Published in the official journal of the American Association of Suicidology, the work gives doctors and researchers important new resources to advance suicide prevention, improve treatments, and reduce the likelihood of further attempts. "Knowing why someone attempted suicide is crucial - it tells us how to best help them recover," says Prof. David Klonsky, UBC Dept. of Psychology...
Reconstructing The Genome Of Medieval Strains Of The Leprosy Pathogen By Exhuming Centuries-Old Human Graves
Date: Jun-17-2013Why was there a sudden drop in the incidence of leprosy at the end of the Middle Ages? To answer this question, biologists and archeologists reconstructed the genomes of medieval strains of the pathogen responsible for the disease, which they exhumed from centuries old human graves. Their results, published in the journal Science, shed light on this obscure historical period and introduce new methods for understanding epidemics. In Medieval Europe, leprosy was a common disease...
Many Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Discontinue Medication, Risking Permanent Disability And Reduced Lifespan
Date: Jun-17-2013Data presented at EULAR 2013, the Annual Congress of the European League Against Rheumatism, show that up to one-third of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients discontinue or change therapy within the first year of treatment. Loss of efficacy was the most common reason given (35.8%), followed by safety (20.1%), physician or patient preference (27.8% and 17.9%, respectively) and access to treatment (9.0%). Rates and rationale for treatment discontinuation were similar for both tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) and non-TNFi biologics...
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