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Researchers Identify Target To Prevent Hardening Of Arteries
Date: May-20-2013The hardening of arteries is a hallmark of atherosclerosis, an often deadly disease in which plaques, excessive connective tissue, and other changes build up inside vessel walls and squeeze off the flow of oxygen-rich blood throughout the body. Now, researchers at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute have described the molecular and cellular pathway that leads to this hardening of the arteries - and zeroed in on a particularly destructive protein called Dkk1. Their study was published online today by Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology...
Spanish Smoking Relapse Prevention
Date: May-20-2013Researchers from Moffitt Cancer Center and the University of South Florida have evaluated how Florida health care and social service agencies distribute "Libres para Siempre" ("Forever Free®"), a Spanish smoking relapse prevention booklet series. Their analysis found that 10 agencies distributed the booklets actively and passively, but those methods may not have helped the material reach its intended audience, Spanish-speaking smokers who have quit but are at risk for relapse. Their study appeared in a recent issue of the Journal of Cancer Education...
Shocking New Statistics On Head Injuries Among Men Who Are Homeless Or In Danger Of Losing Their Home
Date: May-20-2013Men who are heavy drinkers and homeless for long periods of time have 400 times the number of head injuries as the general population, according to a new study by researchers who said they were shocked by their findings. These men have 170 times as many severe head injuries as the general population and 300 times as many injuries that cause bleeding in the brain. The study by Dr. Tomislav Svoboda, a family physician at St. Michael's Hospital, appears online in Emergency Medicine Journal...
Health Care Professionals Should Prepare For Increased Numbers Of Pregnant Women With Disabilities, Suggests Study In Medical Care
Date: May-20-2013Like the general public, health care professionals may hold certain stereotypes regarding sexual activity and childbearing among women with disabilities. But a new study finds that women with chronic physical disabilities are about as likely as nondisabled women to say they are currently pregnant, after age and other sociodemographic factors are taken into account. The findings are reported in the June issue of Medical Care, published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a part of Wolters Kluwer Health...
Proximity Of Fast Food Restaurants Has Impact On Body Mass Index Of Low Income African-Americans
Date: May-20-2013African-American adults living closer to a fast food restaurant had a higher body mass index (BMI) than those who lived further away from fast food, according to researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, and this association was particularly strong among those with a lower income. A new study published online in the American Journal of Public Health indicates higher BMI associates with residential proximity to a fast food restaurant, and among lower-income African-Americans, the density, or number, of fast food restaurants within two miles of the home...
Our Emotions Match Music To Colors
Date: May-20-2013Whether we're listening to Bach or the blues, our brains are wired to make music-color connections depending on how the melodies make us feel, according to new research from the University of California, Berkeley. For instance, Mozart's jaunty Flute Concerto No. 1 in G major is most often associated with bright yellow and orange, whereas his dour Requiem in D minor is more likely to be linked to dark, bluish gray. Moreover, people in both the United States and Mexico linked the same pieces of classical orchestral music with the same colors...
Physicist's Tool Has Potential For Brain Mapping
Date: May-20-2013A new tool being developed by UT Arlington assistant professor of physics could help scientists map and track the interactions between neurons inside different areas of the brain. The journal Optics Letters recently published a paper by Samarendra Mohanty on the development of a fiber-optic, two-photon, optogenetic stimulator and its use on human cells in a laboratory. The tiny tool builds on Mohanty's previous discovery that near-infrared light can be used to stimulate a light-sensitive protein introduced into living cells and neurons in the brain...
Using Active Videogaming ('Exergaming') To Improve Children's Health
Date: May-20-2013Levels of physical inactivity and obesity are very high in children, with fewer than 50% of primary school-aged boys and fewer than 28% of girls meeting the minimum levels of physical activity required to maintain health. Exergaming, using active console video games that track player movement to control the game (e.g., Xbox-Kinect, Wii), has become popular, and may provide an alternative form of exercise to counteract sedentary behaviors. In a study scheduled for publication in The Journal of Pediatrics, researchers studied the effects of exergaming on children. Dr...
News From Frontiers In Endocrinology, Microbiology, Physiology
Date: May-20-2013Frontiers in Endocrinology Differential roles of orexin receptors in the regulation of sleep/wakefulness Takeshi Sakurai, the lead author on the 1998 article that first described orexin, here reviews the latest research on orexin and its role in regulating sleep and wakefulness. The sleep cycle of mammals is partly regulated by the neuropeptide orexin, which is exclusively produced in the hypothalamus and from there travels to other parts of the nervous system. Wakefulness tends to increase when orexin binds to specific receptors in the brain and brain stem...
The Specific Role Geoscientists Can Play In Disaster Risk Reduction
Date: May-20-2013Earthquakes, tsunamis, and other natural disasters often showcase the worst in human suffering - especially when those disasters strike populations who live in rapidly growing communities in the developing world with poorly enforced or non-existent building codes. In Cancun, a researcher from Yale-National University of Singapore (NUS) College in Singapore presented a comparison between large-scale earthquakes and tsunamis in different parts of the world, illustrating how nearly identical natural disasters can play out very differently depending on where they strike...
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