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Protein, Fatty Molecules And Cellular Energy Work Together During Endocytosis
Date: May-02-2013Cells ingest proteins and engulf bacteria by a gymnastic, shape-shifting process called endocytosis. Researchers at the National Institutes of Health revealed how a key protein, dynamin, drives the action. Endocytosis lets cells absorb nutrients, import growth factors, prevent infections and accomplish many other vital tasks. Yet, despite decades of research, scientists don't fully understand this membrane remodeling process. New research reveals, on the real-life scale of nanometers, how individual molecules work together during a single act of endocytosis...
Secondhand Smoke Affects Girls' Cardiovascular Health
Date: May-02-2013Teenage girls who are exposed to secondhand smoke are at an increased risk of having low levels of good cholesterol which increases their risk of developing heart disease. The findings were published in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM). Secondhand smoke (secondhand smoking), which is also called passive smoking or environmental tobacco smoke occurs when people involuntarily inhale cigarette smoke. Secondhand smoking was found to lower the levels of HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol) among girls...
Erasmus Virus Resets Cells' Genes And Causes Breathing Distress And Kidney Failure
Date: May-02-2013A new virus that causes severe breathing distress and kidney failure elicits a distinctive airway cell response to allow it to multiply. Scientists studying the Human Coronavirus-Erasmus Medical Center, which first appeared April 2012 in the Middle East, have discovered helpful details about its stronghold tactics. Their findings predict that certain currently available compounds might treat the infection. These could act, not by killing the virus directly, but by keeping lung cells from being forced to create a hospitable environment for the virus to reproduce...
Implanted Device Predicts Epilepsy Seizures In Humans
Date: May-02-2013For the first time, a small device implanted in the brain has accurately predicted the onset of seizures in some adults who have epilepsy that doesn't respond to drugs, according to a small proof-of-concept study published Online First in The Lancet Neurology...
Stem Cell Discovery May Lead To Therapy To Diminish Fat Accumulation In Muscle
Date: May-02-2013Many diseases - obesity, Type 2 diabetes, muscular dystrophy - are associated with fat accumulation in muscle. In essence, fat replacement causes the muscles to weaken and degenerate. Scientists at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center have discovered the biological mechanism involved in this process, which could point the way to potential therapies. The findings are published in the online edition of Stem Cells and Development...
Obesity Surgery Alters Hormones To Relieve Diabetes Symptoms
Date: May-02-2013Gastric bypass surgery alters the hormones and amino acids produced during digestion, hinting at the mechanisms through which the surgery eliminates symptoms of type 2 diabetes, according to a recent study accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM). The study simulated pre-operative digestion and compare how the same patient metabolizes nutrients following surgery...
Passive Smoking Presents Greater Threat To Teen Girls Than Boys
Date: May-02-2013When teenage girls are exposed to secondhand smoke at home, they tend to have lower levels of the "good" form of cholesterol that reduces heart disease risk, according to a recent study accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM). High-density lipoproteins (HDL) pick up excess cholesterol in the blood stream and take it to the liver where it can be broken down. Unlike low-density lipoproteins that can create a waxy build-up that blocks blood vessels, HDL cholesterol can play a key role in combatting heart disease risk...
Mild Iodine Deficiency During Pregnancy Can Harm The Baby's Neurological Development
Date: May-02-2013Children who did not receive enough iodine in the womb performed worse on literacy tests as 9-year-olds than their peers, according to a recent study accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM). Iodine is absorbed from food and plays a key role in brain development. Even mild deficiency during pregnancy can harm the baby's neurological development. "Our research found children may continue to experience the effects of insufficient iodine for years after birth," said the study's lead author, Kristen L...
Efficacy Of Tumor-Killing Enzyme Improved By Protein
Date: May-02-2013Scientists have devised a method for delivering tumor cell-killing enzymes in a way that protects the enzyme until it can do its work inside the cell. In their study in mBio®, the online open-access journal of the American Society for Microbiology, researchers assembled microscopic protein packages that can deliver an enzyme called PEIII to the insides of cells. By attaching a protein called ubiquitin to the enzyme, they were able to protect it from degradation by the cell, allowing the enzyme to complete its mission...
HRT Improves Muscle Function In Women
Date: May-02-2013Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) significantly improves muscle function in postmenopausal women, according to a new study. The research showed that muscle function in these women improves down to the muscle fiber level. The finding was published in The Journal of Physiology. Over the last 10 years, the negative results of several HRT studies put many women off. However, the results of this new report have shown a positive outcome from HRT - a treatment which can relieve symptoms of menopause...
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