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Researcher Compares Cross-Cultural Development Of Self-Esteem In Early Adolescence
Date: Apr-22-2013Acquiring self-esteem is an important part of a teenager's development. The way in which adolescents regard themselves can be instrumental in determining their achievement and social functioning. New research from Concordia University shows that the way in which adolescents think about themselves varies across cultural context. To compare how teenagers assess their self-worth, William M...
In The Brain High Levels Of Glutamate May Kick-Start Schizophrenia
Date: Apr-22-2013An excess of the brain neurotransmitter glutamate may cause a transition to psychosis in people who are at risk for schizophrenia, reports a study from investigators at Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) published in the current issue of Neuron. The findings suggest 1) a potential diagnostic tool for identifying those at risk for schizophrenia and 2) a possible glutamate-limiting treatment strategy to prevent or slow progression of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders...
Bursts Of Brain Activity May Protect Against Alzheimer's Disease
Date: Apr-22-2013Evidence indicates that the accumulation of amyloid-beta proteins, which form the plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer's patients, is critical for the development of Alzheimer's disease, which impacts 5.4 million Americans. And not just the quantity, but also the quality of amyloid-beta peptides is crucial for Alzheimer's initiation. The disease is triggered by an imbalance in two different amyloid species - in Alzheimer's patients, there is a reduction in a relative level of healthy amyloid-beta 40 compared to 42. Now Dr...
Success Rates Of Turning Breech Babies Increased By Anesthesia, Delivery Costs Reduced
Date: Apr-22-2013When a baby is in the breech position at the end of pregnancy, obstetricians can sometimes turn the baby head-down to enable a safer vaginal birth. In the past, women were not given anesthesia during the turning procedure, which requires the physician to push on the woman's abdomen while monitoring the baby with ultrasound. But a new study from the Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital shows anesthesia is cost-effective because it increases the likelihood the procedure will work...
A Process Where Mutations Lead To Autism And Other Diseases Captured In Live Zebra Fish Embryos
Date: Apr-22-2013Using spinning disk microscopy on barely day-old zebra fish embryos, University of Oregon scientists have gained a new window on how synapse-building components move to worksites in the central nervous system. What researchers captured in these see-through embryos - in what may be one of the first views of early glutamate-driven synapse formation in a living vertebrate - were orderly movements of protein-carrying packets along axons to a specific site where a synapse would be formed...
In-Hospital And Outpatients Are Faced With Different Problems In Antibiotic Resistance
Date: Apr-22-2013A new study concludes that problems with antibiotic resistance faced by outpatients may be as bad as those in hospitalized patients, and that more studies of outpatients are needed - both to protect their health and to avoid inappropriate or unnecessary drug use. Antibiotic resistance is a huge and growing problem in both hospital and outpatient settings. Failure to select an effective antibiotic, without appropriate consideration for this resistance, can increase the risk of continued illness or death...
News From 'Frontiers'
Date: Apr-22-2013Frontiers in Psychology Navigating comics: an empirical and theoretical approach to 6 strategies of reading comic page layouts How do people navigate through the panels of comic book pages, and why do some people find it so hard to figure out which image comes next? Most people believe that the reading of comic pages moves along the same order as text: the "z-path" of left-to-right and down. This paper reports the findings of a psychology experiment showing that readers follow a far more complex process of page layout navigation than the z-path...
Neuroscientists Must Study Many Species To Understand The Brain
Date: Apr-22-2013A new study of brain rhythms in bats and rats challenges a widely used model - based on studies in rodents - of how animals navigate their environment. To get a clearer picture of the processes at work in the mammal brain during spatial navigation, neuroscientists must closely study a broad range of animals, say the two University of Maryland College Park scientists involved in the study...
Reinventing Drug Discovery And A Promising Drug Target For ALS
Date: Apr-22-2013Using a new stem-cell based drug screening technology with the potential to reinvent and greatly reduce the cost of the way new pharmaceuticals are developed, Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI) researchers have found a compound more effective in protecting the neurons killed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) - Lou Gehrig's disease - than two drugs that failed in human clinical trials after hundreds of millions of dollars had been invested in them...
Older Adults Benefit From Mediterranean Diet's Health Effects
Date: Apr-22-2013According to a study published in the Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, a baseline adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) is associated with a lower risk of hyperuricemia, defined as a serum uric acid (SUA) concentration higher than 7mg/dl in men and higher than 6mg/dl in women. Hyperuricemia has been associated with metabolic syndrome, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, gout, and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality...
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