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Mixed Results From Study Of Mammogram Tool
Date: Apr-18-2013A costly and widely used mammography add-on increases detection of noninvasive and early-stage invasive breast cancer but also makes more mistakes than mammography alone, researchers from UC Davis and the University of Washington have found. Published in the Annals of Internal Medicine, the study of women enrolled in Medicare is the largest comparison of clinical outcomes of routine screening mammography with and without computer-assisted detection (CAD) - software developed to enhance the detection of breast cancer during screening mammography...
Clues To Causes Of Pregnancy Complications Offered By Molecular Signaling In Early Placenta Formation
Date: Apr-18-2013Understanding the molecular control of placenta formation, the organ which enables fetal growth, is critical in diagnosing and treating related pregnancy complications. A group of scientists at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, and the University of Calgary, Canada has revealed a molecular feedback loop that governs the earliest steps of placenta formation in mice, which is known to mimic placenta formation in humans. Their findings are published in the open access journal PLOS Biology...
Study Of Age-Related Memory Decline Offers Suggestions For Accessing Memories
Date: Apr-18-2013Like birds which stop foraging too early on a berry-laden bush, a new study suggests older people struggle to recall items because they flit too often between 'patches' in their memories. The study by the University of Warwick published in the journal Developmental Psychology seeks to model the mechanisms behind memory decline in old age. Its findings indicate that specific changes in the way older people access their memories, rather than a general 'slowing down' in mental processing speed, may be to blame for some aspects of memory decline...
Barroom Drinking And Negative Father-Son Relationships Are A Dangerous Mix, Lead To Aggression
Date: Apr-18-2013Alcohol-related aggression is estimated to be involved in half of all assaults globally. In addition, alcohol-related aggression is most likely to occur among young males and usually at a bar or other licensed venue. While it is clear that drinking and heavy binge drinking can lead to male-to-male alcohol-related aggression (MMARA), this study is the first to examine the role of the father-son relationship in MMARA, finding that negative fathering is particularly influential...
New Kidney Cancer Subtypes Discovered
Date: Apr-18-2013Researchers with the Institute of Urologic Oncology and the Department of Urology at UCLA have classified kidney cancer into several unique subtypes, a finding that will help physicians tailor treatment to individual patients and that moves cancer care one step closer to personalized medicine. The finding is the result of 10 years of UCLA researchers studying kidney cancers at the genetic and molecular levels, conducting chromosomal analyses in an effort to identify what mutations may be causing and affecting the behavior of the malignancies...
Lack Of Consensus Among Health Care Providers In Identifying Sepsis Poses Threat To Treatment
Date: Apr-18-2013Though the toll of sepsis is known to be enormous - it is estimated to cost the U.S. health care system $24.3 billion each year, and is the nation's third-leading killer, behind heart disease and cancer - the true magnitude of incidence of and death from the illness remains unknown. There is substantial variability in these numbers, depending on the method used to identify the condition in patients treated at hospital across the United States, according to a new study from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania...
In Breast Cancer Survivors, Genetic Markers Linked To The Development Of Lymphedema
Date: Apr-18-2013A new UCSF study has found a clear association between certain genes and the development of lymphedema, a painful and chronic condition that often occurs after breast cancer surgery and some other cancer treatments. The researchers also learned that the risks of developing lymphedema increased significantly for women who had more advanced breast cancer at the time of diagnosis, more lymph nodes removed or a significantly higher body mass index...
Low Cost, Evidence-Based Mental Health Care Delivered To Traumatized Populations In Northern Uganda
Date: Apr-18-2013A partnership involving the public and private sector successfully addressed the mental health needs of people in the post-conflict regions of northern Uganda and could be used as a model in other post-conflict settings, according to a Health In Action article by Ugandan and US researchers published in this week's PLOS Medicine as part of an ongoing series on Global Mental Health Practice. The authors, led by Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu from the University of Makerere in Uganda, explain how the Peter C...
Seeking A Target For Therapies Aimed At Reducing The Spread And Ultimate Lethality Of Melanoma Metastases
Date: Apr-18-2013Researchers at the University of North Carolina have discovered that transcription factors regulating the levels of oxygen in the blood also play a role in the spread of the skin cancer melanoma. In research published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, a research team led by William Kim, MD, member of the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and graduate student and first author Sara Hanna, linked melanoma metastases to a pair of transcription factors known as HIF1 and HIF2. Researchers found that HIF1 and HIF2 are overexpressed in melanoma tumors...
Preventing Acute Kidney Injury After Open Heart Surgery: Prophylactic Sodium Bicarbonate Infusion Not Recommended
Date: Apr-18-2013Contrary to the positive findings of a previous pilot study, administration of a sodium bicarbonate-based infusion to induce urinary alkalinization during and after surgery does not reduce the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and may even cause harm in patients undergoing open heart surgery...
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