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Identifying Which Cells Communicate With Each Other In The Brain By Flipping A Neural Light Switch
Date: Apr-08-2013There are cells in your brain that recognize very specific places, and have that as one of their main jobs. These cells, called place cells, are found in an area behind your temple called the hippocampus. While these cells must be sent information from nearby cells to do their job, so far no one has been able to determine exactly what kind of nerve cells, or neurons, work with place cells to craft the code they create for each location. Neurons come in many different types with specialized functions...
Old Patent Medicine Remedies From A Museum Collection
Date: Apr-08-2013What was in Dr. F. G. Johnson's French Female Pills and other scientifically untested elixirs, nostrums and other quack cures that were the only medicines available to sick people during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries? Scientists have provided a glimpse based on an analysis of a museum collection of patent medicines used in turn-of-the-century America. It was part of the 245th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society, the world's largest scientific society, which is being held here this week. Mark Benvenuto, Ph...
Improving The Food System, Reducing Waste And Making Life Better For Everyone
Date: Apr-08-2013Families can be key players in a revolution needed to feed the world, and could save money by helping to cut food losses now occurring from field to fork to trash bin, an expert said. He described that often-invisible waste in food - 4 out of every 10 pounds produced in the United States alone - and the challenges of feeding a global population of 9 billion in a keynote talk at the 245th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society, the world's largest scientific society. "We will need another 'Green Revolution' to feed the world by 2050," said John Floros, Ph.D...
Odorant Receptors Found In Non-Olfactory Cells
Date: Apr-08-2013In a discovery suggesting that odors may have a far more important role in life than previously believed, scientists have found that heart, blood, lung and other cells in the body have the same receptors for sensing odors that exist in the nose. It opens the door to questions about whether the heart, for instance, "smells" that fresh-brewed cup of coffee or cinnamon bun, according to the research leader, who spoke here at the 245th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society, the world's largest scientific society. Peter Schieberle, Ph.D...
More Oil Produced Faster By Microalgae For Energy, Food Or Products
Date: Apr-08-2013Scientists described technology that accelerates microalgae's ability to produce many different types of renewable oils for fuels, chemicals, foods and personal-care products within days using standard industrial fermentation. The presentation was part of the 245th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS), the world's largest scientific society. The meeting, with 12,000 presentations on advances in science and other topics, continues here through Thursday. Walter Rakitsky, Ph...
Increasing The Biological Understanding Of The Origins Of Obesity
Date: Apr-08-2013An international research team has identified seven new gene loci linked to obesity. Researchers were also able to show that the genetic mechanisms that cause extreme obesity are similar to those that cause milder forms of overweight and obesity. A total of more than 260,000 people were included in the study of the links between genes and obesity, which will be published in the latest issue of Nature Genetics...
Some Women With HIV Become Infected By Cancer-Causing Forms Of HPV That Are Not Covered By Current Vaccines
Date: Apr-08-2013Women with HIV acquire cancer-causing forms of the human papillomavirus (HPV) that are not included in the current HPV vaccines Gardasil and Cervarix, according to new research from Fox Chase Cancer Center presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 on Sunday, April 7. "People with issues in their immune system such as HIV will be at risk of acquiring HPV, as well - and the current vaccine may not fully protect them," says study author Elizabeth Blackman, MPH, research specialist at Fox Chase...
In An Animal Model Of Ovarian Cancer, Engineered T Cells Kill Tumors But Spare Normal Tissue
Date: Apr-08-2013The need to distinguish between normal cells and tumor cells is a feature that has been long sought for most types of cancer drugs. Tumor antigens, unique proteins on the surface of a tumor, are potential targets for a normal immune response against cancer. Identifying which antigens a patient's tumor cells express is the cornerstone of designing cancer therapy for that individual. But some of these tumor antigens are also expressed on normal cells, inching personalized therapy back to the original problem...
Polymers Likely To Improve Following Accidental Discovery
Date: Apr-08-2013Chemical Engineering Professor Tim Bender and Post-Doctoral Fellow Benoit Lessard's discovery of an unexpected side product of polymer synthesis could have implications for the manufacture of commercial polymers used in sealants, adhesives, toys and even medical implants, the researchers say...
The World's Populations Predicted To Stop Growing In 2050
Date: Apr-08-2013Global population data spanning the years from 1900 to 2010 have enabled a research team from the Autonomous University of Madrid to predict that the number of people on Earth will stabilise around the middle of the century. The results, obtained with a model used by physicists, coincide with the UN's downward forecasts. According to United Nations' estimates, the world population in 2100 will be within a range between 15.8 billion people according to the highest estimates - high fertility variant - and 6...
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