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Pregnant Women Need Help When Morning Sickness Lasts All Day
Date: Feb-28-2013Severe nausea during pregnancy can be fatal, yet very little is known about this condition. Hormonal, genetic and socio-economic factors may all play a role. Almost all women experience some nausea or vomiting when pregnant. Approximately one out of every hundred suffers from acute nausea during pregnancy (hyperemesis gravidarum) and may need hospital treatment to restore hydration, electrolytes and vitamins intravenously. "At worst, women may die if they go untreated...
Even Without A Globally Led Eradication Program, Research Suggests Malaria Can Still Be Defeated
Date: Feb-28-2013A researcher at the University of Southampton, working as part of a team from the UK and USA, believes the global eradication of malaria could be achieved by individual countries eliminating the disease within their own borders and coordinating efforts regionally. The team's findings have been published in the journal Science. Dr Andrew Tatem explains, "In 1955 a global programme was launched to eradicate Malaria, but funding collapsed in 1969 and ultimately eradication wasn't achieved...
Discovery Could Hold Key To Cause Of Rare Muscle Disease And Other Inherited Diseases
Date: Feb-28-2013Fresh insights into the protective seal that surrounds the DNA of our cells could help develop treatments for inherited muscle, brain, bone and skin disorders. Researchers have discovered that the proteins within this coating - known as the nuclear envelope - vary greatly between cells in different organs of the body. This variation means that certain disease causing proteins will interact with the proteins in the protective seal to cause illness in some organs, but not others...
Targeting Lung And Colon Cancers And Glioblastoma Using New Photon-Counting Technique
Date: Feb-28-2013For scientists to improve cancer treatments with targeted therapeutic drugs, they need to be able to see proteins prevalent in the cancer cells. This has been impossible, until now. Thanks to a new microscopy technique, University of Akron researcher Dr. Adam Smith, assistant professor of chemistry, has observed how clusters of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) - a protein abundant in lung and colon cancers, glioblastoma and others - malfunctions in cancer cells. "We can directly observe protein clusters, in a living cell membrane, that are invisible to traditional methods...
New Lens-Free Imaging System Enables Firefighters To See Previously Hidden Details, Help Them To Save Lives
Date: Feb-28-2013Firefighters put their lives on the line in some of the most dangerous conditions on Earth. One of their greatest challenges, however, is seeing through thick veils of smoke and walls of flame to find people in need of rescue. A team of Italian researchers has developed a new imaging technique that uses infrared (IR) digital holography to peer through chaotic conflagrations and capture potentially lifesaving and otherwise hidden details. The team describes its breakthrough results and their applications in a paper published in the Optical Society's (OSA) open-access journal Optics Express...
Stool Transplants Highly Efficient For Clostridium difficile Infections And Other Gastrointestinal Conditions
Date: Feb-28-2013Clostridium difficile infections have developed into a virtual pandemic over the past two decades. The outcome of standard antibiotic treatment is unsatisfactory: the recurrence rates are high with every relapse increasing the risk of further follow-ups. Faecal microbiota transplantation offers a rapidly acting and highly effective alternative in treating recurrent Clostridium difficile infections (RCDI), as Professor Lawrence J. Brandt (Montefiore Medical Center, New York, USA) points out...
Medical Students And Residents Have Frequent Interactions With Pharmaceutical Companies, Survey Reveals
Date: Feb-28-2013A first-of-its kind national survey of medical students and residents finds that despite recent efforts by medical schools and academic medical centers to restrict access of pharmaceutical sales representatives to medical trainees, medical students and residents still commonly receive meals, gifts, and industry-sponsored educational materials. The study was completed by a team of researchers led by fourth-year Harvard Medical School student Kirsten Austad and Aaron Kesselheim, M.D., J.D., M.P.H...
Physicist Takes Nature As His Model For An Artificial Brain
Date: Feb-28-2013Scientists have long been dreaming about building a computer that would work like a brain. This is because a brain is far more energy-saving than a computer, it can learn by itself, and it doesn't need any programming. Privatdozent [senior lecturer] Dr. Andy Thomas from Bielefeld University's Faculty of Physics is experimenting with memristors - electronic microcomponents that imitate natural nerves. Thomas and his colleagues proved that they could do this a year ago. They constructed a memristor that is capable of learning...
Superbug's Weak Spot Could Be Its Protein Factory
Date: Feb-27-2013Researchers in the US have spotted a weakness in the internal machinery of a superbug that could offer new targets for drugs. They believe the key lies with the molecular mechanisms that antibiotic-resistant bacteria use to manufacture life-essential proteins, without which they soon perish. Biologists Gloria Culver and Keith Connolly came to this conclusion while studying bacterial ribosomes at the University of Rochester in New York. (Connolly has since moved to Harvard Medical School in Boston)...
Breast Cancer Rates Increase Among Young Women
Date: Feb-27-2013There has been a small increase in the incidence of advanced stage breast cancer among women 25 to 39 years old, according to a recent study in JAMA. Breast cancer is the most common form of malignant tumor in women aged 15 to 39 and accounts for nearly 14% of all cancer cases in men and women in that age group. The risk of a woman developing breast cancer before the age of 40 is 1 in 173, according to a 2008 study. The authors wrote: "Young women with breast cancer tend to experience more aggressive disease than older women and have lower survival rates...
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