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Modification Of Circadian Rhythms For Potential Treatment Of Disorders
Date: Jan-25-2013UC Irvine-led studies have revealed the cellular mechanism by which circadian rhythms - also known as the body clock - modify energy metabolism and also have identified novel compounds that control this action. The findings point to potential treatments for disorders triggered by circadian rhythm dysfunction, ranging from insomnia and obesity to diabetes and cancer. UC Irvine's Paolo Sassone-Corsi, one of the world's leading researchers on the genetics of circadian rhythms, led the studies and worked with international groups of scientists...
Insights Into Inherited Causes Of Autism
Date: Jan-25-2013The most consistent finding of autism research lies in the revelation that the disorders are incredibly complex. Two new studies in the Cell Press journal Neuron that add to the growing appreciation of this complexity focus on identifying inherited genetic mutations linked with autism spectrum disorders. The mutations - which are distinct from the spontaneous mutations that have been the focus of previous studies - may provide valuable insights into the causes of autism. "It's long been known that autism is a heritable condition and that some cases appear to run in families...
Light Shed On Development Of Voluntary Movements Via New Brain Circuit
Date: Jan-25-2013All parents know the infant milestones: turning over, learning to crawl, standing, and taking that first unassisted step. Achieving each accomplishment presumably requires the formation of new connections among subsets of the billions of nerve cells in the infant's brain. But how, when and where those connections form has been a mystery. Now researchers at Duke Medicine have begun to find answers...
Do Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Cause Kidney Failure In Children?
Date: Jan-25-2013Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and naproxen, are commonly used to treat pain and reduce fever in children.� However, the use of NSAIDs has been shown to cause acute kidney injury (AKI) in some children.� A new study scheduled for publication in The Journal of Pediatrics reports the findings on the number of children diagnosed with AKI caused by NSAIDs in one hospital over an 11 ½ year span. � Dr...
Spotting Fetal Growth Problems Early Could Cut UK Stillbirths By 600 A Year
Date: Jan-25-2013Detection before birth must become a cornerstone of antenatal care Growth restriction in an unborn child is the single largest risk factor for stillbirth, especially when it goes unrecognised before birth, finds a study published on bmj.com today. Yet it is currently missed in most pregnancies. The authors say spotting it early could substantially reduce the risk, and this needs to become a cornerstone of safety and effectiveness in antenatal care. Stillbirth rates in the United Kingdom are among the highest in developed countries...
Single-Larger-Portion-Size And Dual-Column Nutrition Labeling May Help Consumers Make Better Food Choices
Date: Jan-25-2013The Nutrition Facts label was introduced 20 years ago and provides consumers with important information, including: the serving size, the number of servings in the package, the number of calories per serving, and the amount of nutrients for each serving of a packaged food. However, research has shown that consumers often miscalculate the number of calories and the nutritional content of products that have two or more servings per container but are usually consumed in a single eating occasion...
It's Never Too Late To Quit: Smoking Cessation At Time Of Diagnosis Leads To Greater Success For Cancer Patients
Date: Jan-25-2013Lung and head and neck cancer patients who smoked before surgery are more likely to relapse than those who had quit before surgery, Moffitt Cancer Center researchers say. They found that smoking-relapse prevention interventions are needed immediately after surgery to help prevent relapse. The study was published in a recent issue of the journal Cancer. "Cigarette smoking is responsible for 30 percent of all cancer-related mortalities," said study corresponding author Vani Nath Simmons, Ph.D., assistant member of the Health Outcomes and Behavior Program at Moffitt...
Mutant 'Drivers' Of Meningiomas Identified By Genomic Sequencing
Date: Jan-25-2013Large-scale genomic sequencing has revealed two DNA mutations that appear to drive about 15 percent of brain tumors known as meningiomas, a finding that could lead to the first effective drug treatments for the tumors, report scientists from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and the Broad Institute. Surgery and radiation currently are the only treatments for meningiomas - slow-growing, often benign tumors that develop in the membranes surrounding the brain. Meningiomas can grow dangerously large, however, causing seizures and limb weakness, and occasionally are fatal...
A Likely Link Between Stress And Heart Disease: Viral Reactivation
Date: Jan-25-2013A new study could provide the link that scientists have been looking for to confirm that reactivation of a latent herpes virus is a cause of some heart problems. Looking at blood samples from 299 heart patients, researchers at Ohio State University found that those who had suffered a heart attack were the most likely to have inflammatory proteins circulating in their blood compared to patients with less acute symptoms. And having more of one of these proteins in the blood was linked to the presence of antibodies that signal a latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation...
Link Between Immune Cell Death Defects And Autoimmune Diseases
Date: Jan-25-2013Melbourne researchers have discovered that the death of immune system cells is an important safeguard against the development of diseases such as type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, which occur when the immune system attacks the body's own tissues. The finding suggests that these so-called autoimmune diseases could be treated with existing medications that force long-lived immune system cells to die. In the development of the immune system, some cells are produced that have the potential to attack the body's own tissues, causing autoimmune disease...
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