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Extend Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Improves Survival In Both Children And Adults
Date: Jan-23-2013Experts from The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia were among the leaders of two large national studies showing that extending CPR longer than previously thought useful saves lives in both children and adults. The research teams analyzed impact of duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients who suffered cardiac arrest while hospitalized. "These findings about the duration of CPR are game-changing, and we hope these results will rapidly affect hospital practice," said Robert A. Berg, M.D., chief of Critical Care Medicine at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia...
Cancer Cells Aided By Enzyme To Avoid Genetic Instability
Date: Jan-23-2013Cancer cells are resourceful survivors with plenty of tricks for staying alive. Researchers have uncovered one of these stratagems, showing how cells lacking the tumor suppressor BRCA1 can resume one form of DNA repair, sparing themselves from stagnation or death. The study appears in The Journal of Cell Biology. The BRCA1 protein helps to mend double-strand DNA breaks by promoting homologous recombination. Without it, cells can amass broken, jumbled, and fused chromosomes, which may cause them to stop growing or die...
Accurate Cell Division Controlled By Molecular Forces
Date: Jan-23-2013Studies led by cell biologist Thomas Maresca at the University of Massachusetts Amherst are revealing new details about a molecular surveillance system that helps detect and correct errors in cell division that can lead to cell death or human diseases. Findings are reported in the current issue of the Journal of Cell Biology. The purpose of cell division is to evenly distribute the genome between two daughter cells. To achieve this, every chromosome must properly interact with a football-shaped structure called the spindle...
Misconduct Occurs Across Career Spectrum But Men More Likely Than Women To Commit Scientific Fraud
Date: Jan-23-2013Male scientists are far more likely to commit fraud than females and the fraud occurs across the career spectrum, from trainees to senior faculty. The analysis of professional misconduct was co-led by a researcher at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University and was published in the online journal mBio. "The fact that misconduct occurs across all stages of career development suggests that attention to ethical aspects of scientific conduct should not be limited to those in training, as is the current practice," said senior author Arturo Casadevall, M.D., Ph.D...
News From The Annals Of Internal Medicine: Jan. 22, 2013
Date: Jan-23-20131. Evidence Review: Some Behavioral Interventions May Reduce Child Abuse and Neglect Risk assessment and behavioral interventions in pediatric clinics may reduce child abuse and neglect, according to a recent evidence review. Researchers reviewed studies published since 2004 when the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force last published recommendations on child abuse and neglect to determine the effectiveness of primary care relevant interventions on child abuse and neglect outcomes. The researchers also sought to determine adverse effects of interventions...
First Experimental Proof That Weak Concentrations Of Bisphenol A Produce A Negative Reaction On The Human Testicle
Date: Jan-23-2013Weak concentrations of bisphenol A are sufficient to produce a negative reaction on the human testicle. This has just been shown experimentally for the first time by Rene Habert and his colleagues (UMR Cellules souches et Radiations [UMR Stem Cells and Radiation], Inserm U 967 - CEA - Paris Diderot University) in an article that appeared in the journal Plos One. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical compound that is included in the composition of plastics and resins. It is used, for example, in the manufacture of food containers such as bottles and babies' feeding bottles...
Cholesterol Finding Offers New Way To Kill Lymphoma Without Chemotherapy
Date: Jan-23-2013How do you annihilate lymphoma without using any drugs? Starve it to death by depriving it of what appears to be a favorite food: HDL cholesterol. Northwestern Medicine® researchers discovered this with a new nanoparticle that acts like a secret double agent. It appears to the cancerous lymphoma cell like a preferred meal -- natural HDL. But when the particle engages the cell, it actually plugs it up and blocks cholesterol from entering. Deprived of an essential nutrient, the cell eventually dies. A new study by C. Shad Thaxton, M.D., and Leo I. Gordon, M.D...
How Cells' DNA Repair Machinery Can Destroy Viruses Could Impact HIV Treatment
Date: Jan-23-2013A team of researchers based at Johns Hopkins has decoded a system that makes certain types of immune cells impervious to HIV infection. The system's two vital components are high levels of a molecule that becomes embedded in viral DNA like a code written in invisible ink, and an enzyme that, when it reads the code, switches from repairing the DNA to chopping it up into unusable pieces. The researchers, who report the find in the early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, say the discovery points toward a new approach to eradicating HIV from the body...
Dating Violence And Severe Abuse At Home Linked
Date: Jan-23-2013Young urban black women who are exposed to severe abuse within their families are much more likely to be victims of dating violence, according to a study led by a Michigan State University researcher. Angie Kennedy said efforts to prevent dating violence should include discussion of what might be going on in the victim's home. "There is a lot of focus on trying to prevent dating violence for high school students, which is an important goal," said Kennedy, MSU associate professor of social work...
Poor Sleep Can Make Couples Take Each Other For Granted
Date: Jan-23-2013A hidden factor in an unhappy relationship, especially ones where partners complain about feeling unappreciated, could be sleep deprivation. A new study examining how sleep habits can influence expressions of gratitude between romantic partners has been conducted by a group of researchers from the University of California Berkeley. Their findings were presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychologists in New Orleans on January 19...
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