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Advanced Melanoma Tumors Eradicated In Mouse Model
Date: Oct-26-2012Cancers arise in the body all the time. Most are nipped in the bud by the immune response, not least by its T cells, which detect telltale molecular markers - or antigens - on cancer cells and destroy them before they grow into tumors. Cancer cells, for their part, evolve constantly to evade such assassination. Those that succeed become full-blown malignancies. Yet, given the right sort of help, the immune system can destroy even these entrenched tumors...
Half A Billion People Exposed To Direct Carcinogens By Chewing Betel Quid
Date: Oct-26-2012Chewing betel quid - the fourth most popular psychoactive substance in the world after tobacco, alcohol and caffeine - exposes its 600 million users to substances that act as direct carcinogens in the mouth, scientists are reporting in a new study. It appears in ACS' journal Chemical Research in Toxicology. Mu-Rong Chao and Chiung-Wen Hu explain that betel quid (BQ) consists of nuts from the arcea tree, sometimes combined with spices, such as cardamom or saffron, and other ingredients...
Molecule Developed That Could Be An Entirely New Mechanism For Arresting Parkinson's Disease
Date: Oct-26-2012In an early-stage breakthrough, a team of Northwestern University scientists has developed a new family of compounds that could slow the progression of Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's, the second most common neurodegenerative disease, is caused by the death of dopamine neurons, resulting in tremors, rigidity and difficulty moving. Current treatments target the symptoms but do not slow the progression of the disease. The new compounds were developed by Richard B...
Pitt Researchers Publish Findings Of Mathematical Modeling Of The Brain
Date: Oct-26-2012Inside the brain, an unpredictable race - like a political campaign - is being run. Multiple candidates, each with a network of supporters, have organized themselves into various left- and right-wing clusters - like grassroots political teams working feverishly to reinforce a vision that bands them together. While scientists know that neurons in the brain anatomically organize themselves into these network camps, or clusters, the implications of such groupings on neural dynamics have remained unclear until now...
Shingles: Urgent Need To Expand Use Of Vaccine And Treat Related Pain
Date: Oct-26-2012Shingles, a reactivation of the herpes zoster (chickenpox) virus affects nearly 1 in 3 Americans. About 1 million cases are diagnosed each year, with some patients suffering excruciating pain and itching due to post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN), a complication of the viral infection that can last for years despite treatment. The latest information on shingles and PHN, including a new, improved vaccine to prevent shingles and alternative therapies to control symptoms, are discussed in a special focus section in Population Health Management, a peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc...
Muscle Cells On Outside Of Blood Vessels Wrongly Accused For Instigating Lung Disease
Date: Oct-26-2012It turns out the muscle cells on the outside of blood vessels have been wrongly accused for instigating lung disease. New research shows that while these muscle cells are responsible for constricting or dilating the blood vessels, they are not responsible for sensing the amount of oxygen that gets to the lungs. That message comes from the endothelial cells - special cells that line the blood vessels - along a "signalling pathway." When a person is low on oxygen, blood vessels throughout the body expand to improve the delivery of this vital molecule to the tissues...
Simple Intervention Improves Osteoporosis Treatment Rates
Date: Oct-26-2012Older patients who visited local ERs for chest pain or breathing problems and had chest x-rays reveal unknown spinal fractures, were more apt to receive osteoporosis treatment afterward if a simple intervention was used, recently published medical research from the University of Alberta has found. Treatment rates for the bone-thinning condition substantially improved when patients and their family doctors received follow-up information about the warning signs and risk factors. It is the first and only trial in the world that looked at spinal osteoporosis...
Obese Patients At Greater Risk Of Infection And Other Complications Following Knee Replacement Surgery
Date: Oct-26-2012Obese patients have a greater risk of complications following total knee replacement surgery, including post-surgical infections, according to a new literature review recently published in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (JBJS). Because of complications, obese patients are more likely to require follow-up surgery (revision). Obesity is reaching epidemic proportions, particularly in the United States, and is a well-documented risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis...
Bacteria Cocktail Wipes Out Superbug C. Diff In Mice
Date: Oct-26-2012Clostridium difficile (C. diff) is a highly infectious "superbug" associated with many deaths in hospital. Now scientists in the UK have identified a "cocktail" of bacteria that successfully wipes out the deadly bacterium in mice. They suggest their findings will have a significant impact on the control and treatment of such infections in humans. First author Trevor Lawley, from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, near Cambridge, and colleagues, write about their work in a study published online on 25 October in PLoS Pathogens. C...
For Diagnosis Of West Nile Virus, Plants Provide Accurate Low-Cost Alternative
Date: Oct-26-2012While the United States has largely been spared the scourge of mosquito-borne diseases endemic to the developing world - including yellow fever, malaria and dengue fever - mosquito-related illnesses in the US are on the rise. One pathogen of increasing concern in the U.S. is an arbovirus known as West Nile. Now Qiang "Shawn" Chen, a researcher at Arizona State University's Biodesign Institute and a professor in the College of Technology and Innovation has developed a new method of testing for West Nile, using plants to produce biological reagents for detection and diagnosis...
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