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Monkeys Protected From Ebola By Antibody Treatment Produced In Plants
Date: Oct-17-2012A new Ebola virus study resulting from a widespread scientific collaboration has shown promising preliminary results, preventing disease in infected nonhuman primates using monoclonal antibodies. In this week's online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), the research team describes a proof-of-concept for using a "cocktail" of monoclonal antibodies, or mAbs, to prevent lethal disease in rhesus macaques. When administered one hour after infection, all animals survived...
Novel Intravaginal Ring Shows Promise In HIV Prevention
Date: Oct-17-2012A new 90-day intravaginal ring has been developed - that for the first time - enables the long-lasting vaginal delivery of tenofovir (TFV), the only topical prophylactic shown to be effective at reducing the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) when formulated in a short-lasting gel. This research is being presented at the 2012 American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists (AAPS) Annual Meeting and Exposition in Chicago, Ill., Oct. 14 - 18...
Compounds Identified That May Thwart Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Date: Oct-17-2012A brain pathway that is stimulated by traumatic or fearful experiences can be disrupted by two compounds that show promise for preventing post-traumatic stress disorder, Indiana University researchers reported. In a presentation prepared for the Neuroscience 2012 scientific conference in New Orleans Oct. 13 to 17, Anantha Shekhar and colleagues from IU reported the results of experiments with rats using a standard methodology called a conditioned fear test...
New Insight Into The Progression And Invasiveness Of The Most Common Type Of Breast Cancer
Date: Oct-17-2012Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) can be a predictor for invasive breast cancer if untreated, and is seen in around 45 percent of patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Patients who only have DCIS, have a 5-year-survival of almost 100 percent on contrast to 89 percent of all stages of invasive breast cancer. This new study suggests that regardless of a large amount of intercellular heterogeneity in both IDC and DCIS, the transformation from noninvasive to invasive disease is decided by repeating patterns of genomic variances in most cases...
Asthma And Exposure To Nicotine In Utero
Date: Oct-17-2012Currently, there are approximately 25 million people in the United States who suffer from the lifelong effects of asthma - wheezing, breathlessness, tightness in the chest, coughing - and the numbers are rising each year. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the number of people in the United States diagnosed with asthma grew by 4.3 million from 2001 to 2009...
Intermittent Binge Drinking Could Cause Significant Brain Impairment Within Months
Date: Oct-17-2012A study of binge-drinking rodents suggests that knocking back a few drinks every few days may swiftly reduce one's capacity to control alcohol intake. Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) found signs of cognitive impairment in rats similar to that seen in established alcoholism after the animals had only a few months of intermittent access to alcohol. The researchers linked the rats' impairment to a small group of neurons that inhibit "executive control" functions in the prefrontal cortex of the brain...
Link Between Severe Psoriasis And Increased Risk For Diabetes
Date: Oct-17-2012An analysis of 27 studies linking psoriasis in 314,000 individuals with diabetes has found strong correlation between the scaly skin rash and the blood sugar disorder that predisposes patients to heart disease, say UC Davis researchers who led the review. The findings appear in an article titled "Psoriasis and the risk of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis," which is now online in the Archives of Dermatology...
Exercise, Androgens And Peripheral Nerve Injuries
Date: Oct-17-2012A study by researchers from Emory University and Indiana University found that the beneficial effects daily exercise can have on the regeneration of nerves also require androgens such as testosterone in both males and females. It is the first report of both androgen-dependence of exercise on nerve regeneration and of an androgenic effect of exercise in females. "The findings will provide a basis for the development of future treatment strategies for patients suffering peripheral nerve injuries," said Dale Sengelaub, professor in the Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences at IU...
Computerized Checklist Offers Best Preventive Strategy For Deadly Blood Clots
Date: Oct-17-2012A computerized checklist system designed to help physicians identify and use the best methods of preventing potentially deadly blood clots in hospitalized trauma patients dramatically reduced the number of these dangerous venous thromboembolisms (VTEs), new Johns Hopkins research suggests. When a doctor enters medical orders for such patients, the automated checklist recommends evidence-based best treatments for each patient's needs, usually the regular administration of low-dose blood thinners or the use of compression devices to keep blood flowing in the legs...
The Marshmallow Test - One Now Or Two Later?
Date: Oct-16-2012The "marshmallow test" is an experiment which measures how much self-control a preschooler has - will they eat one enticing marshmallow now, or will they hold back and wait for the promised two? It is an experiment that has been around for over forty years and is said to reflect how well preschoolers are likely to do later on in life. Researchers from the University of Rochester reported on a new type of experiment in the journal Cognition...
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