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Social Exclusion In The Playground
Date: Sep-07-2012Being the last one picked for the team, getting left out of the clique of cool girls, having no one to sit with at lunch... For children, social exclusion can impact everything from emotional well being to academic achievements. But what does it mean for the kids doing the excluding? Is the cure a one-size-fits-all approach that requires kids to include others, regardless of the situation at hand? Not necessarily, says new research from a professor now at Concordia University...
Exceptional Upward Mobility In The U.S. Is A Myth, International Studies Show
Date: Sep-07-2012The rhetoric is relentless: America is a place of unparalleled opportunity, where hard work and determination can propel a child out of humble beginnings into the White House, or at least a mansion on a hill. But the reality is very different, according to a University of Michigan researcher who is studying inequality across generations around the world. "Especially in the United States, people underestimate the extent to which your destiny is linked to your background," says Fabian Pfeffer, a sociologist at the U-M Institute for Social Research (ISR)...
Genome-Wide Scan Maps Mutations In Deadly Lung Cancers; Reveals Embryonic Gene Link
Date: Sep-07-2012Scientists have completed a comprehensive map of genetic mutations linked to an aggressive and lethal type of lung cancer. Among the errors found in small cell lung cancers, the team of scientists, including those at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, found an alteration in a gene called SOX2 associated with early embryonic development. "Small cell lung cancers are very aggressive. Most are found late, when the cancer has spread and typical survival is less than a year after diagnosis," says Charles Rudin, M.D., Ph.D...
Common Hospital-Acquired Infection Rarely Reported In The Dataset Used To Implement Hospital Penalties
Date: Sep-07-2012Aiming to cut expenses and improve care, a 2008 Medicare policy stopped paying hospitals extra to treat some preventable, hospital-acquired conditions - including urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients after bladder catheters are placed. But a statewide analysis by the University of Michigan shows there was very little change in hospital payment due to removing pay for hospital-acquired catheter-associated UTIs. For all adult hospital stays in Michigan in 2009, eliminating payment for this infection decreased hospital pay for only 25 hospital stays (0.003 percent of all stays)...
Tough Gel Stretches To 21 Times Its Length, Recoils, And Heals Itself - May Pave The Way To Replacing Damaged Cartilage In Human Joints
Date: Sep-07-2012A team of experts in mechanics, materials science, and tissue engineering at Harvard have created an extremely stretchy and tough gel that may pave the way to replacing damaged cartilage in human joints. Called a hydrogel, because its main ingredient is water, the new material is a hybrid of two weak gels that combine to create something much stronger. Not only can this new gel stretch to 21 times its original length, but it is also exceptionally tough, self-healing, and biocompatible - a valuable collection of attributes that opens up new opportunities in medicine and tissue engineering...
New ESF-Cofounded Feasibility Study Calls For A Single European Researcher Development Framework
Date: Sep-07-2012The European Science Foundation has released a new report detailing its feasibility study on a pan-European professional development framework. The aim of the study was to assess the applicability across Europe of a generic framework for the professional development of researchers based on the Vitae Researcher Development Framework (RDF). The RDF is a UK-context framework set up with the purpose to better define researcher's professional profiles and to develop guidance for the continuous professional development of researchers...
Teens Tell Different Tales About Themselves Depending On Gender, Says MU Researcher
Date: Sep-07-2012During adolescence, the stories young people tell about themselves reflects their development of a personal identity and sense of self, and those autobiographical narratives vary depending on the teens' gender, according to a University of Missouri psychologist and her colleagues. Parents can use this knowledge of how teens talk about themselves to help understand the tumultuous transitions of their children into adults...
Mapping Neurological Disease
Date: Sep-07-2012New algorithm can analyze information from medical images to identify diseased areas of the brain and connections with other regions. Disorders such as schizophrenia can originate in certain regions of the brain and then spread out to affect connected areas. Identifying these regions of the brain, and how they affect the other areas they communicate with, would allow drug companies to develop better treatments and could ultimately help doctors make a diagnosis. But interpreting the vast amounts of data produced by brain scans to identify these connecting regions has so far proved impossible...
Possible New Therapy For The Treatment Of A Common Blood Cancer
Date: Sep-07-2012Research from Karolinska Institutet shows that sorafenib, a drug used for advanced cancer of the kidneys and liver, could also be effective against multiple myeloma. The disease is one of the more common forms of blood cancer and is generally incurable. "Recently developed drugs, like bortezomib, have increased the survival rate for people with this serious and complex disease," says study leader Theocharis Panaretakis, docent of experimental oncology...
Tumor Suppressor Genes Vital To Regulating Blood Precursor Cells In Fruit Flies
Date: Sep-07-2012UCLA stem cell scientists have shown that two common tumor suppressor genes, TSC and PTEN, are vital to regulating the stem cell-like precursor cells that create the blood supply in Drosophila, the common fruit fly. The researchers examined a signaling pathway called TOR that the cells use to gauge nutrition levels and stress, said study senior author Dr. Julian A. Martinez-Agosto, an assistant professor of human genetics and pediatrics and a researcher with the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA...
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