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High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus Found With Epstein Barr Virus In Prostate Cancer

Date: Aug-01-2012
Two common viruses known to be associated with human cancers are both present - and may even be collaborating with each other - in most male prostate cancers, a new study suggests. The research involved examination of 100 specimens of normal, malignant and benign prostate samples from Australian men. It revealed that both the human papilloma virus (HPV) and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) were present in more than half of the malignant cancers, as well as in a high proportion of benign and normal prostate samples...

New Therapeutic Approaches Suggested By Insight Into Mechanism Of Lung Cancer-Associated Mutations

Date: Aug-01-2012
Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center researchers have identified how one of the genes most commonly mutated in lung cancer may promote such tumors. The investigators found that the protein encoded by this gene, called EPHA3, normally inhibits tumor formation, and that loss or mutation of the gene - as often happens in lung cancer - diminishes this tumor-suppressive effect, potentially sparking the formation of lung cancer. The findings, published July 24 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, could offer direction for personalizing cancer treatments and development of new therapies...

Protecting Neurons From The Effects Of Amyloid B In Alzheimer's Disease

Date: Aug-01-2012
During Alzheimer's disease, 'plaques' of amyloid beta (Ab) and tau protein 'tangles' develop in the brain, leading to the death of brain cells and disruption of chemical signaling between neurons. This leads to loss of memory, mood changes, and difficulties with reasoning. New research published in BioMed Central's open access journal Alzheimer's Research & Therapy, has found that up-regulating the gene Hes1 largely counteracted the effects of Ab on neurons, including preventing cell death, and on GABAergic signaling...

Post-Cardiac Arrest Care System Improved Survivors' Neurologic Status

Date: Aug-01-2012
Fewer sudden cardiac arrest survivors had neurologic impairment after a novel regional system of care was implemented, according to research published in Circulation, an American Heart Association journal. In 2009, the Aizu region of Japan established an advanced post-cardiac arrest care system that included emergency medical services (EMS) taking survivors directly to hospitals specializing in advanced care or from an outlying hospital to the specialty hospital after an effective heartbeat was restored...

Link Between Nurse Staffing, Burnout And Hospital Infections

Date: Aug-01-2012
Nurse burnout leads to higher healthcare-associated infection rates (HAIs) and costs hospitals millions of additional dollars annually, according to a study published in the August issue of the American Journal of Infection Control, the official publication of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC)...

Not Doing The PSA Test May Result In Many Men Presenting With Far More Advanced Prostate Cancer

Date: Aug-01-2012
Eliminating the PSA test to screen for prostate cancer would be taking a big step backwards and would likely result in rising numbers of men with metastatic cancer at the time of diagnosis, predicted a University of Rochester Medical Center analysis published in the journal, Cancer. The URMC study suggests that the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and early detection may prevent up to 17,000 cases of metastatic prostate cancer a year...

Trained Rats For Search And Rescue, Detection Of Explosives

Date: Aug-01-2012
A rat may never be man's best friend, but the Rugged Automated Training System (R.A.T.S.) research sponsored by scientists with the U.S. Army Research Laboratory, in collaboration with engineers at West Point and the Counter Explosives Hazards Center, will determine if and how these animals can be trained to save Soldiers' lives. In July, Barron Associates Inc., Charlottesville, Va...

'Individual Mandate' Led To Decreased Hospital Productivity In Massachusetts

Date: Aug-01-2012
As the "individual mandate" of the Affordable Care Act moves forward, debate and speculation continue as to whether universal health insurance coverage will lead to significant cost savings for hospitals. The assumption is that providing appropriate primary care will improve the overall health of the population, resulting in less need for hospital services and less severe illness among hospitalized patients. Findings from a recent study published in Health Care Management Review challenge that assumption...

Locally Made Protein Starts Long-Distance Distress Signal From Periphery Of Injured Nerve Cells

Date: Aug-01-2012
When the longest cells in the body are injured at their farthest reaches, coordinating the cells' repair is no easy task. This is in part because these peripheral nerve cells can be extremely long - up to one meter in adult humans - which is a lot of distance for a molecular distress signal to cover in order to reach the "command center" of the cell's nucleus...

The Brain Falters When Rules Change

Date: Aug-01-2012
For the human brain, learning a new task when rules change can be a surprisingly difficult process marred by repeated mistakes, according to a new study by Michigan State University psychology researchers. Imagine traveling to Ireland and suddenly having to drive on the left side of the road. The brain, trained for right-side driving, becomes overburdened trying to suppress the old rules while simultaneously focusing on the new rules, said Hans Schroder, primary researcher on the study...