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Cyberbullying 'causes suicidal thoughts in kids more than traditional bullying'
Date: Mar-11-2014Cyberbullying is more strongly related to suicidal thoughts in children and adolescents than traditional bullying, according to a new analysis published in JAMA Pediatrics.Some estimates suggest that - depending on the country of origin - between 5% and 20% of children are victims of physical, verbal or exclusion-based bullying. Previous studies have also confirmed that bullying is a strong risk factor for adolescent suicide.Suicide is one of the biggest causes of death in adolescents worldwide.
Gene changes suggest epigenetic modification in endometriosis
Date: Mar-11-2014Changes to two previously unstudied genes are the centerpiece of a new theory regarding the cause and development of endometriosis, a chronic and painful disease affecting 1 in 10 women.The discovery by Northwestern Medicine scientists suggests epigenetic modification, a process that enhances or disrupts how DNA is read, is an integral component of the disease and its progression.
Prostate cancer outcomes predicted by bone turnover markers: findings could influence treatment and clinical trial design
Date: Mar-11-2014Biomarkers for bone formation and resorption predict outcomes for men with castration-resistant prostate cancer, a team of researchers from UC Davis and their collaborators have found. Their study, published online in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, also found that the markers identified a small group of patients who responded to the investigational drug atrasentan. The markers' predictive ability could help clinicians match treatments with individual patients, track their effectiveness and affect clinical trial design.
New hope in the battle against glioblastoma offered by anti-psychotic medications
Date: Mar-11-2014Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have discovered that FDA-approved anti-psychotic drugs possess tumor-killing activity against the most aggressive form of primary brain cancer, glioblastoma. The finding was published in the online edition of Oncotarget.The team of scientists, led by principal investigator, Clark C. Chen, MD, PhD, vice-chairman, UC San Diego, School of Medicine, division of neurosurgery, used a technology platform called shRNA to test how each gene in the human genome contributed to glioblastoma growth.
Darker origin behind the kindly act of fairness
Date: Mar-11-2014We often think of playing fair as an altruistic behavior. We're sacrificing our own potential gain to give others what they deserve. What could be more selfless than that? But new research from Northeastern University assistant professor of philosophy Rory Smead suggests another, darker origin behind the kindly act of fairness.Smead studies spite. It's a conundrum that evolutionary biologists and behavioral philosophers have been mulling over for decades, and it's still relatively unclear why the seemingly pointless behavior sticks around.
Findings could improve understanding of ADHD, schizophrenia, and other neuropsychiatric diseases
Date: Mar-11-2014Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) researchers have found that decision-making accuracy can be improved by postponing the onset of a decision by a mere fraction of a second. The results could further our understanding of neuropsychiatric conditions characterized by abnormalities in cognitive function and lead to new training strategies to improve decision-making in high-stake environments. The study was published in the online issue of the journal PLoS One.
Before infants begin to talk in sentences, they are paying careful attention to the way a new word is used in conversations
Date: Mar-11-2014There is a lot that 19-month-old children can't do: They can't tie their shoes or get their mittens on the correct hands. But they can use words they do know to learn new ones.New research from Northwestern University demonstrates that even before infants begin to talk in sentences, they are paying careful attention to the way a new word is used in conversations, and they learn new words from this information in sentences.For example, if you take an infant to the zoo and say, "Look at the gorilla" while pointing at the cage, the infant may not know what exactly is being referred to.
A step closer to understanding how BPA may promote breast cancer growth
Date: Mar-11-2014Subhrangsu Mandal, associate professor of chemistry/biochemistry, and Arunoday Bhan, a PhD student in Mandal's lab, looked at a molecule called RNA HOTAIR. HOTAIR is an abbreviation for long, non-coding RNA, a part of DNA in humans and other vertebrates. HOTAIR does not produce a protein on its own but, when it is being expressed or functioning, it can suppress genes that would normally slow tumor growth or cause cancer cell death.High levels of HOTAIR expression have been linked to breast tumors, pancreatic and colorectal cancers, sarcoma and others.
Outside the body our memories fail us
Date: Mar-10-2014New research from Karolinska Institutet and Umeå University in Sweden demonstrates for the first time that there is a close relationship between body perception and the ability to remember. For us to be able to store new memories from our lives, we need to feel that we are in our own body. According to researchers, the results could be of major importance in understanding the memory problems that psychiatric patients often exhibit.The memories of what happened on the first day of school are an example of an episodic memory.
Leukemia gene mutation linked to new childhood growth disorder
Date: Mar-10-2014New research led by the Institute of Cancer Research in the UK has discovered that a gene mutation associated with leukemia may be the cause of a newly described condition that affects the growth and intellectual development of children.This is according to a study recently published in the journal Nature Genetics.To reach their findings, the research team analyzed the genomes of 152 children with overgrowth disorders and their parents, alongside 1,000 controls from the UK population.
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