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Stem cells help to rebuild the brain after stroke
Date: Feb-17-2014Enhancing the brain's inherent ability to rebuild itself after a stroke with molecular components of stem cells holds enormous promise for treating the leading cause of long-term disability in adults.Michael Chopp, Ph.D., Scientific Director of the Henry Ford Neuroscience Institute, presented this approach to treating neurological diseases at the American Heart Association's International Stroke Conference in San Diego.
A potential new target for cancer and diabetes: p66Shc adaptor protein suppresses insulin signaling and energy metabolism
Date: Feb-17-2014A protein that has been known until recently as part of a complex communication network within the cell also plays a direct role in regulating sugar metabolism, according to a new study published - in the journal Science Signalling (February 18, 2014).Cell growth and metabolism are tightly controlled processes in our cells. When these functions are disturbed, diseases such as cancer and diabetes occur.
Scientists crack open 'black box' of embryo development
Date: Feb-17-2014We know much about how embryos develop, but one key stage - implantation - has remained a mystery. Now, scientists from Cambridge have discovered a way to study and film this 'black box' of development. Their results - which will lead to the rewriting of biology text books worldwide - are published in the journal CellEmbryo development in mammals occurs in two phases. During the first phase, pre-implantation, the embryo is a small, free-floating ball of cells called a blastocyst. In the second, post-implantation, phase the blastocyst embeds itself in the mother's uterus.
Stock market volatility and mental disorders linked
Date: Feb-17-2014Falling stock prices lead to increased hospitalisations for mental disorders, according to new research published in the journal Health Policy and Planning.Researchers assessed the relationship between stock price movements and mental disorders using data on daily hospitalisations for mental disorders in Taiwan over 4,000 days between 1998 and 2009. They found that a 1000-point fall in the Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalisation Weighted Stock Index (TAIEX) coincided with a 4.71% daily increase in hospitalisations for mental disorders.
Scientists crack open 'black box' of embryo development
Date: Feb-17-2014We know much about how embryos develop, but one key stage - implantation - has remained a mystery. Now, scientists from Cambridge have discovered a way to study and film this 'black box' of development. Their results - which will lead to the rewriting of biology text books worldwide - are published in the journal CellEmbryo development in mammals occurs in two phases. During the first phase, pre-implantation, the embryo is a small, free-floating ball of cells called a blastocyst. In the second, post-implantation, phase the blastocyst embeds itself in the mother's uterus.
Chemists discover two new weapons in the battle against bacteria
Date: Feb-17-2014Proteases are vital proteins that serve for order within cells. They break apart other proteins, ensuring that these are properly synthesized and decomposed. Proteases are also responsible for the pathogenic effects of many kinds of bacteria. Now chemists at the Technische Universitaet Muenchen (TUM) have discovered two hitherto unknown mechanisms of action that can be used to permanently disarm an important bacterial protease.Proteins are made up of a chain of amino acids and are vital for all cell processes. Proteases are among the most important types of protein.
Chemists discover two new weapons in the battle against bacteria
Date: Feb-17-2014Proteases are vital proteins that serve for order within cells. They break apart other proteins, ensuring that these are properly synthesized and decomposed. Proteases are also responsible for the pathogenic effects of many kinds of bacteria. Now chemists at the Technische Universitaet Muenchen (TUM) have discovered two hitherto unknown mechanisms of action that can be used to permanently disarm an important bacterial protease.Proteins are made up of a chain of amino acids and are vital for all cell processes. Proteases are among the most important types of protein.
Passive smoking impairs children's responses to asthma treatment
Date: Feb-17-2014Children exposed to cigarette smoke at home have lower levels of an enzyme that helps them respond to asthma treatment, a study has found.Passive smoking is known to worsen asthma symptoms in children and impair their response to inhaled steroid treatment, but how this effect occurs was not known.Researchers at Imperial College London found that children with severe asthma with a parent who smokes at home have lower levels of the enzyme HDAC2 compared with those whose parents don't smoke. HDAC2 is required for steroids to exert their beneficial anti-inflammatory effects in asthma.
Passive smoking impairs children's responses to asthma treatment
Date: Feb-17-2014Children exposed to cigarette smoke at home have lower levels of an enzyme that helps them respond to asthma treatment, a study has found.Passive smoking is known to worsen asthma symptoms in children and impair their response to inhaled steroid treatment, but how this effect occurs was not known.Researchers at Imperial College London found that children with severe asthma with a parent who smokes at home have lower levels of the enzyme HDAC2 compared with those whose parents don't smoke. HDAC2 is required for steroids to exert their beneficial anti-inflammatory effects in asthma.
New insight into the consequences of protein misfolding in neurodegenerative disorders
Date: Feb-17-2014Research by the University of Southampton has provided new insight into the consequence of accumulated 'misfolded proteins' in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Prion and Alzheimer's disease.Prion and Alzheimer's disease are protein misfolding brain diseases, where genetic mutations, or more commonly, interactions between an individual's genetics and environmental influences cause functional proteins in neurons to become misfolded or misrouted.
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