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Hope for noninvasive treatment for breast cancer using MR-guided ultrasound
Date: Dec-05-2013A technique that uses focused ultrasound under magnetic resonance (MR) guidance to heat and destroy tumors may offer a safe and effective treatment for breast cancer, according to research presented at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA).MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) ablation is a noninvasive technique that requires no incision or puncture to perform. Instead, it uses the acoustic energy from high-intensity focused ultrasound to remove, or ablate, diseased tissue.
Adults at risk from C. difficile that resides harmlessly in infants
Date: Dec-05-2013Infants and toddlers frequently carry toxigenic Clostridium difficile, usually with no harm to themselves, but can serve as a reservoir and spread the bacteria to adults in whom it can cause severe disease, according to a study by a team of Swedish researchers published ahead of print in the Journal of Clinical Microbiology.In the study, which involved following 42 children from birth to 1 ½ or 3 years, the investigators found that C. difficile strains persisted for more than six months in roughly one third of such infants.
New study dispels urban myth, reveals most frequent users of emergency departments
Date: Dec-05-2013While it has often been said that the most frequent users of overburdened hospital emergency departments are mentally ill substance abusers, results of a study just released by researchers from NYU Wagner and the University of California, San Francisco, has found that this belief is unfounded - an "urban legend."Co-authored by John Billings of NYU's Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service and Maria C.
Researcher studies pediatric brain stem tumors
Date: Dec-05-2013Children's National researcher, Javad Nazarian, PhD, authored a new study entitled, "Comparative Multidimensional Molecular Analyses of Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Reveals Distinct Molecular Subtypes." The study found, for the first time, two distinct subtypes in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG). It was published online in Acta Neuropathologica, a leading journal on pathology and pathogenesis of neurological disease.
Innovative approach in animal models could one day serve as early indicator of multiple sclerosis
Date: Dec-05-2013For some, the disease multiple sclerosis (MS) attacks its victims slowly and progressively over a period of many years. For others, it strikes without warning in fits and starts. But all patients share one thing in common: the disease had long been present in their nervous systems, hiding under the radar from even the most sophisticated detection methods. But now, scientists at the Gladstone Institutes have devised a new molecular sensor that can detect MS at its earliest stages - even before the onset of physical signs.
Video evidence may cause moral outrage that influences jurors' emotions
Date: Dec-05-2013Think about the last time you were morally outraged. Chances are you felt angry, but did you also feel disgust? Consider how you might feel in a court of law after watching a video of a heinous crime.Two new studies point to important legal implications when moral outrage is generated through the interactive effect of anger and disgust.
Newly proposed MOGE(S) classification system for cardiomyopathy disorders
Date: Dec-05-2013Leading cardiologists at The Mount Sinai Hospital have contributed to the development of a new classification system called MOGE(S) for cardiomyopathies, the diseases of the heart muscle which can lead to heart enlargement and heart failure.The new cardiomyopathy classification system was published simultaneously by the Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC) and Global Heart, the journal of the World Heart Federation.
Gender differences in COPD examined by UK review
Date: Dec-05-2013A new study review authored by the University of Kentucky's Dr. David Mannino examines the gender differences in the prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and how this information may ultimately be used to identify areas for future work.COPD is a complex disease that affects patients in both developed and developing countries around the world. Historically considered a men's disease, the prevalence and mortality of COPD has increased more rapidly in women than in men during the past two decades.
In patients with PTSD, neurofeedback tunes key brain networks, improving subjective well-being
Date: Dec-05-2013Pioneering research conducted at Western University (London, Canada) points to a promising avenue for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): utilising neurofeedback training to alter the plasticity of brain networks linked to the condition.During neurofeedback, intentional control of one's own brain activity may be learned with what's called a brain-computer interface, which is able to represent graphically a person's real-time brain activation on a computer.
Sports concussions and chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Date: Dec-05-2013It's been widely reported that football and other contact sports increase the risk of a debilitating neurological condition called chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).But in the journal Neuropsychology Review, researchers are reporting only limited evidence showing a link between sports concussions and an increased risk of late-life cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairments.Loyola University Medical Center clinical neuropsychologist Christopher Randolph, PhD, is a co-author of the paper. First author is Stella Karantzoulis, PhD, of New York University School of Medicine.
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